設(shè)計(jì)單位? VIA維亞景觀

項(xiàng)目地址? 上海市臨港片區(qū)

建成時(shí)間? 2023年9月

景觀面積? 79100平方米

撰文? 孫軼家

城—島—溪：校園景觀的空間分型

3 Types of the Landscape space

上海中學(xué)東校是上海中學(xué)位于浦東新區(qū)臨港新片區(qū)的新校區(qū)，其建筑規(guī)劃布局高效集約。北側(cè)臨橄欖路的教學(xué)、文化、住宿片區(qū)集中布局，形成較高密度的院落式組團(tuán)，體現(xiàn)“城”的感受；以半島姿態(tài)面向河道的三角形場(chǎng)地，主要布置足球場(chǎng)、籃球場(chǎng)、網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)、半地下覆土體育館等體育運(yùn)動(dòng)空間。

The landscape design of East Shanghai High School Senior Division （hereinafter ESHS）is for a new campus of Shanghai High School located in Lin'gang, Pudong district. Its architectural design implements highly efficient master planning. The north functional zone (classrooms, library, offices, theatre, dormitory etc.) facing Ganlan Road to the north is presented by a high-density building complex with a courtyard typology and looks like a 'city'. In contrast, the south side features a sense of 'island' with its triangular peninsular shape stretching into the Lin'gang river system, encompassing major sports courts such as soccer, basketball, tennis courts, and an earth-sheltered gymnasium.

建筑與景觀團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)同研究后，決定在南北兩大功能片區(qū)之間植入東西貫通的、具有景觀與生態(tài)功能的“溪”。具有雨水收集凈化功能、呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)生態(tài)景觀、偏向自然濕地景象的“溪”，不僅可以通過(guò)物理手段強(qiáng)化北側(cè)“城”空間與南側(cè)“島”空間特征，還實(shí)現(xiàn)了“城”與“島”在行為和景觀上的粘合。

After an initial workshop with the architectural design team, VIASCAPE design team decided to design a continuous E-W 'creek', which will physically stress shape of south functional zone as an 'island', between two parts of the campus. And the creek, given its basic feature functions such as rainwater acquisition and purification, dynamic ecological effects production, and its natural wetland appearance, will functionally and aesthetically resonate with the 'city' and 'island' in terms of user behavior and place-making.

在具體的景觀設(shè)計(jì)上，北側(cè)片區(qū)基于院落式的“城”概念，布置了一系列“庭”空間。這樣不僅突出了教學(xué)生活區(qū)的靜態(tài)空間氛圍，還通過(guò)多元化的庭院景觀空間，鼓勵(lì)人際交往和互動(dòng)。南側(cè)片區(qū)的景觀則以“運(yùn)動(dòng)與自然”為主題，通過(guò)“島”上的不同景觀空間和與運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)地耦合的“徑”為線索展開(kāi)設(shè)計(jì)?！皪u”上的立體游觀體現(xiàn)了回歸自然的野趣感。

In regards to detailed landscape design, we generate a concept of serial 'courtyard' according to the spatial feature in the north zone. The courtyards design provides a tranquil atmosphere in the academic building and dormitory area. Multiple courtyard spaces are created to accommodate the social life between the buildings. On the contrary, the south zone envisions a more relaxing way based on its theme of nature and sports to fashion a sense of wildness. This sense of space is created through the 'path' system connecting various landscape spaces and sports courts on the island, the 'path' system is a design thread woven into the general blueprint as well.

庭與城：抽象拼貼的學(xué)習(xí)生活場(chǎng)景

Collage campus daily life with 7 courtyards

校區(qū)集中布置的建筑組團(tuán)既是學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)生活的“城”，也通過(guò)院落式布局在空間上呈現(xiàn)出書(shū)院的意象。因此，教學(xué)與住宿區(qū)的景觀設(shè)計(jì)形成了多個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立但又相連的“城中之庭”。在景觀設(shè)計(jì)中，我們根據(jù)相鄰建筑的功能和外立面特征，設(shè)計(jì)了七個(gè)各具特色的庭院景觀，分別是：校園主入口的“逐浪庭院”、主教學(xué)樓內(nèi)的“書(shū)山庭院”和“閱讀庭院”、男生宿舍區(qū)的“巖石庭院”、女生宿舍區(qū)的“水痕庭院”、藝術(shù)中心前的“幾何庭院”、進(jìn)入食堂區(qū)域的“彩階庭院”。

The building cluster in ESHS is not only the functional 'city' for students but also deduce some 'courtyard' space in the 'city' due to the spatial pattern. Therefore, the landscape at the north function zone becomes multiple 'courtyards' in the 'city' that are independent and interconnected. We designed 7 distinctive themes for the courtyard gardens enclosed within the buildings regarding their functions and fa?ade genre. They are: Wave-riding Courtyard at the main entrance; Wisdom Mountain Courtyard and Reading Courtyard in the main building; Rock Courtyard at Boys' Dorm complex and Ripple Courtyard at Girls' Dorm complex; Geometric Courtyard in front of the art center and Rainbow Steps Courtyard at the entrance of dinning hall. The featured courtyards, with the adjacent spaces of simple design and green tree canopies, establish the general design style of ESHS's north zone.

這是一種反傳統(tǒng)的、具有休憩體驗(yàn)功能的“布景”設(shè)計(jì)方式。緊湊的建筑布局使多個(gè)庭院在同一行為動(dòng)線上形成了連續(xù)的感官“拼貼”，打破了校園景觀的單調(diào)。設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)這種多元多義的體驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景拼貼，重新構(gòu)建了校園生活的“生活化”特點(diǎn)，為學(xué)生在精神上短暫脫離嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的教學(xué)環(huán)境提供了重要的景觀出口，并在一定程度上激發(fā)學(xué)生間、師生間的交往。此外，設(shè)計(jì)為學(xué)校的教學(xué)活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造了富有趣味的室外場(chǎng)景。

We design the north zone landscape with an anti-tradition method similar to stage scenery design. Our design collage multiple courtyards into the students' continuous behavior experience to not only help the students possess momentary liberation from the mental constraints of serious teaching and learning processes but also somehow activate social activities between students, and provides some interesting outdoor teaching scenes in ESHS.

島與徑：歸向自然的立體游觀與空間探索

Multiple natural experiences along the paths on the island

得益于兩面臨河（市政河道）和一面臨溪的邊界條件，加之建筑上半地下覆土體育館設(shè)計(jì)所帶來(lái)的隆起綠色地面，校園南部的運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出清晰的“島”形意象。與系列“城中之庭”的刻意策劃、精巧設(shè)計(jì)不同，我們?cè)凇皪u”上的景觀設(shè)計(jì)則完全走向了一種面向山水自然的松弛，僅以“徑”為線索引導(dǎo)立體游觀與空間自然探索。

Bordering two canals and one creek, the image of the south zone of the campus is like an island. In contrast to the delicate design for the courtyard gardens, a more relaxing natural scenery style was adopted for the design of the 'island', in which footpaths are utilized to guide visiting and spatial exploration into nature.

在島中部，設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)“山徑”將覆土建筑屋頂上的籃球場(chǎng)、網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)與周圍的休憩空間相連。蜿蜒的幾何曲線路徑不僅滿足了舒適漫步的要求，還為立體游覽提供了豐富的空間體驗(yàn)和更多活動(dòng)可能。在東部，“林徑”穿行于水杉林間，激發(fā)林下自然體驗(yàn)，并巧妙結(jié)合曲折的設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)設(shè)置地景式雨水花園。在北側(cè)，“溪徑”既是校園景觀南北兩大區(qū)域共享的視覺(jué)焦點(diǎn)，又構(gòu)成了雨水收集、凈化和可持續(xù)生態(tài)景觀展示的軸線。

Mountain Path connects the basketball court, tennis court, and other adjacent spaces in the middle of the island. The winding geometric curve path is not only a method that meets the requirements of comfortable walking, but also provides more behavioral and spatial possibilities for three-dimensional viewing and exploration. At the east of the island, Forest Path meanders in the metasequoia forest, providing natural exploration opportunities. On top of this, a series of rain gardens are arranged at the turning point of the path. Creek Path at the north is a visual magnet shared with both north and south zones. It is also a route for viewing the process of rainwater acquisition and purification.

島西部圍繞足球場(chǎng)，設(shè)計(jì)了以400米跑道為形狀的“田徑”景觀，與體育館入口及景觀看臺(tái)共同延展成島上活動(dòng)與休憩的核心區(qū)域。結(jié)合“徑”系統(tǒng)，島上的綠化設(shè)計(jì)采用了輕松自然的方式，放棄了復(fù)雜且養(yǎng)護(hù)成本高的綠化搭配手段。設(shè)計(jì)基調(diào)為“陽(yáng)光草坪+常綠灌木+大樹(shù)+觀賞草”，旨在營(yíng)造簡(jiǎn)潔、疏朗且自然的景觀風(fēng)貌，同時(shí)引導(dǎo)人們體驗(yàn)與自然親密接觸的野趣。

On top of the 'path' layers, the planting layer is presented in a rather relaxing way. The design approach that applies multiple layers of plants is abandoned considering the potential maintenance cost. Instead, we use a combination of lawn area, evergreen shrubs, big trees, and ornamental grass as basic structures, targeting at building a simple natural landscape that attracts more natural explorations.

走向激發(fā)人格成長(zhǎng)的校園景觀

Campus Landscape Can Inspire Students' Personality Growth

由于校方優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)背景，因此項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)備受各界關(guān)注。基于學(xué)校校史與目前教學(xué)發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)的調(diào)研，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)與建筑設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)、校方關(guān)于項(xiàng)目的景觀營(yíng)造達(dá)成一個(gè)共識(shí)，即：項(xiàng)目的景觀不應(yīng)當(dāng)僅僅滿足一般意義的景觀之美與空間功能，而是要具有一定的突破與實(shí)驗(yàn)性，要有助于滿足學(xué)生更多元的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)展需求。

Shanghai High School has always been the most well-known high school in Shanghai. It is also known for its academic excellence and notable Alumni. And the design and construction of ESHS has drawn much attention from various sectors of society. Based on our study of the history and tradition of Shanghai High School, we reached a consensus with the architectural design team and school authorities, that is: the campus landscape design should not only be of aesthetic and functional value but also be experimental and pioneering to meet students' diversified growth and development needs.

我們以“逐浪庭院”與“龍門樓”的對(duì)景，寄寓魚(yú)躍龍門的期待、響應(yīng)學(xué)校歷史；以“城”中七個(gè)“庭”的連續(xù)場(chǎng)景體驗(yàn)，拼貼出學(xué)習(xí)和生活中的多樣整體性，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)子對(duì)外部世界日常生活的多義想象；以“城”與“島”之間的動(dòng)態(tài)生態(tài)景觀——“溪”，喚醒同學(xué)們?cè)诜泵W(xué)業(yè)之外，關(guān)注身邊自然變化的潛力；而“島”上高下曲直變化的“徑”系統(tǒng)，則引導(dǎo)著學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)和探索各種自然空間，鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)自然、健康和生態(tài)的追求。上海中學(xué)東校景觀設(shè)計(jì)是一次通過(guò)校園環(huán)境作為媒介，鼓勵(lì)并激發(fā)學(xué)生走向更加完整人格成長(zhǎng)的設(shè)計(jì)探索與實(shí)驗(yàn)。

In this context, we create a landscape connection between the design of Wave-riding Courtyard and Dragon Gate Building to express the expectation of fish leaping over the dragon gate, and also respond to the history of Shanghai High School. The continuous spatial experience of the 7 courtyards in the 'city' maps the integrity out of the diversity of students' study and daily life, encouraging an imagination of the world outside of the campus. The dynamic 'creek' of ecological significance in between the 'city' and 'island' will evoke the attention of the ever-evolving nature from the students buried in books. The 'path' system that varies in size and shape will guide the discovery and exploration of natural space, encouraging the pursuit of nature, health, and a green environment. The landscape design of ESHS is a design experiment to encourage and motivate the students to grow a more complete personality based on the campus environment.

完整項(xiàng)目信息

項(xiàng)目名稱：上海中學(xué)東校景觀設(shè)計(jì)

設(shè)計(jì)單位：VIA維亞景觀

主持設(shè)計(jì)師：孫軼家、顧濟(jì)榮、周密

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：馬麗、沈懿容、張亮、周豐、易洋帆、朱靜、楊麗佳、全帥群、紀(jì)慧敏、馬喬

項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)與完成年份：2020年6月—2023年9月

景觀面積：約79100平方米（其中含教學(xué)生活區(qū)建筑屋頂花園18900平方米）

項(xiàng)目地址：上海市臨港片區(qū)主城區(qū)環(huán)湖西三路橄欖路99號(hào)

業(yè)主單位：上海港城開(kāi)發(fā)（集團(tuán)）有限公司

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：c+d設(shè)計(jì)中心

施工圖協(xié)作：上海天華建筑設(shè)計(jì)有限公司

施工單位：上海建工二建集團(tuán)有限公司

攝影師：吳清山、梁山

撰文：孫軼家

圖紙繪制：馬喬

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