改造設計? gmp

合作設計? L35 Arquitectos、Ribas & Ribas建筑師事務所

1947年設計? 曼努埃爾·穆尼奧斯·莫納斯特里奧，路易斯·阿萊曼尼·索萊爾及卡洛斯·費爾南德斯，卡薩多（結構設計）

1982年改建設計? 路易斯·阿萊曼尼·因達特，拉斐爾·阿萊曼尼·因達特

1994年和2005年改建設計? 拉梅拉工作室

項目地點? 西班牙馬德里

完成時間? 2024

本文文字由gmp提供。

皇家馬德里體育場不僅是一座傳奇性的足球圣殿，在過去的七十年中，它也曾多次改建和擴建，這是有目共睹的。通過最新一次改建，它被賦予了一個新的外立面，以一種新的姿態(tài)優(yōu)雅而充滿活力地擁抱了建筑綜合體，與周圍的城市空間建立了新的關系，并打造了一個閃耀的建筑地標——這是首次為皇家馬德里“世界最佳俱樂部”的自我定位提供了恰當的建筑表達。

Real Madrid’s stadium isn’t just a legendary temple of soccer. It’s also been converted and expanded repeatedly over the course of seven decades, as is clear to see. With the latest conversion, it has been endowed with a shell that elegantly and dynamically embraces the conglomerate in a new gesture while establishing new relationships with the urban spaces surrounding it and creating a shining landmark that, for the first time, provides suitable architectural expression to Real Madrid’s claim to being the best club in the world.

▲ 項目視頻介紹? ?Lukas Schmid

1947年—2014年

1943年，前足球運動員圣地亞哥·伯納烏以一個簡單的承諾當選皇家馬德里俱樂部主席：將這支成功的西班牙球隊打造成為世界上最好的足球俱樂部。為了實現這一目標，按照計劃，皇馬首先需要一座西班牙最大的體育場。在沒有電視轉播的年代，足球俱樂部僅靠門票銷售就能獲得大量收入。得益于捐贈，1944年至1947年間，一座能容納當時令人難以置信的75,000名觀眾的新球場在馬德里北部建成。

In 1943, former soccer player Santiago Bernabéu was elected president of Real Madrid based on a simple promise: He would make the successful Spanish team the best club in the world. To accomplish his goal, he first needed to have Spain’s largest stadium. In the days before television broadcasts, the only way soccer teams could increase their revenue was through ticket sales. Thanks to donations, a new arena was built between 1944 and 1947 in the north of Madrid that held what was then an unbelievable 75,000 spectators.

與此同時，資金也投入到了著名球員身上。從1953年至1964年間“白色芭蕾”組成，即以阿爾弗雷多·迪·斯特凡諾（Alfredo di Stéfano） 、雷蒙德·科帕 （Raymond Kopa） 和費倫茨·普斯卡什 （Ferenc Puskás）等明星球員為首的世界精選陣容。在此期間，皇家馬德里贏得了八次西班牙冠軍，并連續(xù)五次捧起歐洲冠軍杯。正如伯納烏所計劃的那樣，皇家馬德里成為了世界上最成功的俱樂部。

Money was also invested in prominent players. The period from 1953 to 1964 saw the creation of the “White Ballet,” a dream team of star players like Alfredo di Stefano, Raymond Kopa, and Ferenc Puskás. During this time, Real won eight Spanish championships, as well as the European Cup for national champions an astonishing five times in a row. Just as Bernabéu had planned, Real Madrid became the world’s most successful club.

1955年，球場更名為圣地亞哥·伯納烏球場，并不斷予以改造和擴建。早在1953年，東側看臺就增加了第三層看臺；其容納人數曾一度多達125000人，但由于將站位改為座席，容納人數又逐漸減少。與此同時，俱樂部始終保持著成功記錄。出色的球隊屢次組建，其中包括文森特·德爾·博斯克（Vicente del Bosque）、格雷戈里奧·貝尼托（Gregorio Benito）、華尼托（Juanito）、保羅·布賴特納（Paul Breitner）或貢特·內策爾（Günter Netzer）等球員。

The stadium, renamed Estadio Santiago Bernabéu in 1955, was constantly undergoing alterations and enlargements. A third upper tier had already been added to the east grandstand by 1953, with the stadium now reaching a capacity of 125,000 spectators that was gradually reduced as standing room was converted into seats. All the while, the club’s success remained constant. One exceptional team followed another, with players like Vicente del Bosque, Gregorio Benito, Juanito, Paul Breitner, and Günter Netzer.

2000年，在弗洛倫蒂諾·佩雷斯（Florentino Pérez）主席領導下，開始了第二個成就非凡的時代。轉會費不斷創(chuàng)下新紀錄，世界上最優(yōu)秀的球員再次簽約：路易斯·菲戈（Luís Figo）、齊內丁·齊達內（Zinédine Zidane）、羅納爾多（Ronaldo）和大衛(wèi)·貝克漢姆（David Beckham）與勞爾（Raúl）、羅伯托·卡洛斯（Roberto Carlos）、伊克爾·卡西利亞斯（Iker Casillas）等人組成了“銀河戰(zhàn)艦”（Los Galácticos）。驚人轉會的傳統(tǒng)延續(xù)至今，球員包括克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多（Cristiano Ronaldo）、盧卡·莫德里奇（Luka Modri?）、哈維·阿隆索（Xabi Alonso）和托尼·克羅斯（Toni Kroos）。只不過球場由于多次翻修，并沒有像球隊一樣大放異彩。2011年，俱樂部決定對球場進行全面改造，使其在建筑表達上充分體現世界最佳俱樂部的一貫訴求。

The second extraordinarily successful era began in 2000 under President Florentino Pérez. Once again, the world’s best players were signed up for ever higher, record-breaking amounts. Luís Figo, Zinédine Zidane, Ronaldo, David Beckham, Raúl, Iker Casillas, Roberto Carlos, and others became Los Galácticos. The tradition of spectacular transfers has continued until today with players like Cristiano Ronaldo, Luka Modri?, Xabi Alonso, and Toni Kroos. The stadium alone shone less brightly than the team due to its many conversions. In 2011, the club decided on a comprehensive conversion that would give appropriate architectural expression to its claim as the best club in the world.

2015年—2024年

我們與西班牙合作伙伴L35 Arquitectos和Ribas & Ribas建筑師事務所共同合作的設計方案在國際競賽中獲勝。體育場的幾何形體除作微小的改動外均予以保留，但其四周現在由微閃的銀灰色不銹鋼百葉結構圍合。這樣一來，碗狀混凝土球場就呈現出一種顯示運動和活力的動感曲線形態(tài)。建筑立面和屋頂自然過渡，天衣無縫地融為一體，足球場成為俱樂部和城區(qū)的一個地標：星際宇宙飛船。

In an international competition, the design that we developed in cooperation with our Spanish colleagues at L35 Arquitectos and Ribas & Ribas emerged the winner. Other than a few minor modifications, the stadium geometry remained the same, but would now be encased in a new shell of shining silver stainless-steel louvers, giving the concrete bowl a lively shape that is easily associated with motion and dynamism. The facade merges seamlessly with the roof. As a spaceship for the Galácticos, the stadium has become the emblem of the club and district.

然而，這艘飛船并不是一個異物。建筑外層結構容納了大小不一的空間，輕而易舉地將原有空間和新的配套空間整合在一起，尤其是通道以及餐飲、商業(yè)和皇家博物館等輔助功能。該博物館是球場游覽的組成部分，在非比賽日也可以參觀，改造后還將通往新的“空中走廊”，其沿著屋頂的邊緣延伸，猶如一條公共大道，可俯瞰體育場全景。

Nevertheless, this spaceship is not an alien being. The shell forms differently sized intermediate spaces in which existing and new ancillary facilities can easily be integrated, especially the access point, but also additional spaces for restaurants, retail, and the Real Museum, which is part of the stadium tour offered on days without games. Since the conversion, this tour has also included the new skywalk that follows along the roof’s edge like a public boulevard with broad, panoramic views all around the stadium’s circumference.

球場內部增加了貴賓包廂，并在上層看臺之上增建了一層新的看臺。西側看臺的包廂在比賽之外也可用于各種會議的舉辦。觀眾容納量僅略有增加；重要的是增加了足球比賽之外的使用選擇。同時，體育場的新外層結構使其能夠更好地融入城市環(huán)境。盡管可用面積增加，但主入口前的公共廣場也隨之擴大。為此，兩座通道建筑被拆除并在相隔幾米以外的地方重建。

Additional VIP boxes were installed and a new level was added to the upper tier. When no games are in session, the boxes on the west grandstand can also be used for conventions and conferences. The spectator capacity was only marginally increased, the focus being on expanding the potential uses beyond soccer games. At the same time, the new shell allowed the stadium to be more fully embedded in its urban surroundings. Despite an enlargement of the available space, it was also possible to enlarge the public square in front of the main entrance. This was done by demolishing two entrance towers and rebuilding them several meters from where they formerly stood.

改造工程自2019年開始，同時不影響運營。新立面優(yōu)雅的曲線為體育場的厚重體量增添了一份輕盈，但并沒有掩蓋或淡化其大氣的形象。球場從街道中浮現出來，宛如一個閃閃發(fā)光的大型物體，但并沒有立即顯露自己的真面目。

The conversion began in 2019 during ongoing operation. The sweeping gesture of the new facade lends the ponderous stadium building a certain lightness without obscuring or diminishing its magnitude. From the roadways, the arena appears as a large, shimmering object that doesn’t immediately disclose its actual function. The conversion has turned the temple of soccer into a multifunctional venue.

改建后的足球圣殿變成了一個多功能場館，可完全開啟或閉合的可移動屋面為此作出了貢獻。屋頂下的環(huán)形空間安裝了360度監(jiān)視器。球場草坪也可移動：整個賽場草坪被分成九塊，可通過升降機陸續(xù)收置到球場地下的狹長豎井中。草坪在那里可獲得光照和水，而賽場內則留下堅固的地板，可用來舉辦大型活動。球場于2024年5月29日和30日舉行了落成典禮。作為今后各種大型活動的正式開端，當時舉行了兩場“銀河系”音樂會，即美國超級流行歌手泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）的音樂會。

This is partly due to the mobile roof that can be completely opened or closed. A 360-degree monitor is installed in a ring beneath the roof. Even the grass is mobile. The entire playing field is divided into nine strips that can be transported one by one to a narrow shaft beneath the arena via an elevator. There the grass is provided with light and water. This leaves the stadium with a solid floor slab that can easily accommodate major non-sporting events. Thus it was possible to officially inaugurate the stadium with two concerts that featured a very different sort of “Galáctica”: the American mega popstar Taylor Swift, who performed on May 29 and 30, 2024, as an official prelude to all future large-scale events.

項目信息

圣地亞哥·伯納烏球場

西班牙馬德里

2024

業(yè)主：皇家馬德里

1947年設計：曼努埃爾·穆尼奧斯·莫納斯特里奧, 路易斯·阿萊曼尼·索萊爾及卡洛斯·費爾南德斯, 卡薩多（結構設計）

1982年改建設計：路易斯·阿萊曼尼·因達特, 拉斐爾·阿萊曼尼·因達特

1994年和2005年改建設計：拉梅拉工作室

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