設(shè)計(jì)單位? 劉克成設(shè)計(jì)工作室+眾建筑

項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)? 江西景德鎮(zhèn)

建成時(shí)間? 2022年

建筑面積? 1340平方米

本文文字由眾建筑提供。

景德鎮(zhèn)作為中國(guó)的“瓷都”，有著1000多年制作瓷器的歷史。本項(xiàng)目為景德鎮(zhèn)御窯廠片區(qū)楊華弄院落的更新改造，采用“插建/件”的方法為指導(dǎo)，在尊重原有地段歷史特色的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行新建建筑的“插建”和舊有建筑內(nèi)部的“插件”設(shè)計(jì)，來(lái)達(dá)到新功能的置入，以及場(chǎng)地的活化更新。

The regeneration of an old porcelain factory property in the heart of Jingdezhen’s Imperial Kiln Historic District is guided by “Plugin Architecture & Unit” approach to historic preservation and urban regeneration. This method involves placing architectural insertions within and adjacent to existing buildings to revitalize the site while incorporating and respecting its historical elements. Jingdezhen, known as China’s “Porcelain Capital,” has a history of over 1,000 years in ancient porcelain production.

場(chǎng)地

楊華弄院落位于御窯廠片區(qū)的中心位置，緊鄰西側(cè)的御窯博物館和御窯廠遺址，以及北側(cè)的徐家窯。院落東南角為煙筒廣場(chǎng)，是該區(qū)域較為重要的開(kāi)放空間節(jié)點(diǎn)，連接各方巷道；南側(cè)的楊華弄巷道很窄，但很好地保持了歷史原貌。

The site is located in the center of the Imperial Kiln historical area, adjacent to Chimney Square. To the west, is the Imperial Kiln Museum and the Imperial Porcelain Factory archeological site; to the north, is the Xu Family Kiln, which is the oldest, most complete, and largest wood-fired kiln site preserved in Jingdezhen.

策略

院落改造的插建最重要的是煙筒咖啡廳的置入。一座三層的雙坡頂玻璃建筑，包含展覽和咖啡空間，在形成標(biāo)志性的同時(shí)，與周邊歷史環(huán)境無(wú)縫融合，成為公共空間的重要錨點(diǎn)。玻璃外立面的透明性彰顯了一種開(kāi)放性，與周邊堅(jiān)固的傳統(tǒng)磚墻建筑形成鮮明的對(duì)比。對(duì)角雙坡的屋頂采用傳統(tǒng)青瓦做法，猶如漂浮的大傘一般。屋頂之下的透明空間，連接了院落內(nèi)外，是煙筒廣場(chǎng)公共空間的一種積極延展。

The focal point of the design is a modern architectural landmark that integrates seamlessly into the center of the historic surroundings—a three-story glass building topped by a double-pitched roof. Housing exhibition spaces and a café, the building serves as a vital anchor in the main public square, harmonizing contemporary design with a deep respect for historical continuity. The transparency of the glass enclosure introduces a sense of openness, contrasting with the solid, traditional buildings nearby. The roof, covered in traditional clay tiles, appears to float above the transparent enclosure, creating a welcoming spatial extension of the public square.

從遠(yuǎn)處看，煙筒咖啡廳的屋頂從層層疊疊的坡屋頂中凸顯出來(lái)，與周邊傳統(tǒng)建筑進(jìn)行著形式上的對(duì)話。公共廣場(chǎng)的磚砌地面延伸進(jìn)入煙筒咖啡廳室內(nèi)，再轉(zhuǎn)化成大臺(tái)階進(jìn)入內(nèi)庭院，增強(qiáng)了室內(nèi)外空間的聯(lián)系。磚砌鋪地成為一種清晰而豐富的臺(tái)階景觀，不僅可以作為座椅使用，也很好解決了廣場(chǎng)和庭院之間的高差。

From a distance, the roof emerges from a sea of surrounding clay-tiled rooftops, engaging in a visual dialogue with Jingdezhen’s traditional architecture. At the level of the public square, the brick paving of the courtyard extends seamlessly from the exterior through the building’s interior, enhancing the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces and bridging old and new. The brick paving transforms into an articulated landscape of steps that double as public seating, gracefully accommodating the elevation change between the public square and the courtyard.

咖啡廳地下一層為磚砌基座，落位于原有建筑基底之上，延續(xù)了原有的空間肌理?；捎么u拱立面和大臺(tái)階的做法，是煙筒廣場(chǎng)向內(nèi)院的延伸。同時(shí)二層的橙色夾層往煙囪延伸形成室外平臺(tái)，完成了新建建筑與現(xiàn)有場(chǎng)地完整的錨固。該設(shè)計(jì)巧妙的融合了新舊元素，在尊重歷史環(huán)境的同時(shí)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)獨(dú)特而現(xiàn)代的空間地標(biāo)。

Below, and on the opposite side of the square, barrel-vaulted brick rooms form the fa?ade at the building's base, grounding it firmly in the historical context. On the third floor, a balcony extends towards a large pre-existing chimney, completing the unified composition and reinforcing the building's connection to (a historical remnant of the facility’s past) its historical surroundings. This design thoughtfully merges old and new, creating a landmark that honors its setting while introducing a distinctly modern presence.

圍繞咖啡廳透明立面周邊的是原有的坯房建筑，采用“插件家”[1]的方式改造為陶瓷藝術(shù)家工作坊。原有的磚墻和木結(jié)構(gòu)保存完好，在木結(jié)構(gòu)之間插入預(yù)制的功能模塊，來(lái)滿足藝術(shù)家的使用需求。臥室、工作室、廚房和衛(wèi)生間模塊增加了新的功能。樓梯和走道也被插入其中，通過(guò)連接使空間利用最大化。新的插件與原有建筑風(fēng)格迥異，但也很好整合了空間和功能。

Surrounding the glass building on three sides are a new restaurant and old porcelain workshops that have been revitalized through the Plugin Architecture approach. The original wood and brick structures remain intact, with new architectural insertions upgrading the old buildings to meet contemporary needs. Inside, these modules provide insulated and conditioned sleeping quarters, office spaces, and meeting rooms. Kitchen and bathroom modules add new functionality. Stairs and walkways are inserted both inside and outside to connect spaces and maximize their use. The new Plugin components are designed as modern insertions, visually distinct from their historic surroundings yet functionally integrated.

原有場(chǎng)地為兩個(gè)較為封閉的院落，設(shè)計(jì)將其中一個(gè)建筑旋轉(zhuǎn)，將院落空間進(jìn)行連通。整合后的院落可以從咖啡廳的透明空間進(jìn)入，也可以通過(guò)多處公共通道進(jìn)入，成為一個(gè)有較強(qiáng)開(kāi)放性的新型公共空間。

To extend public access into the courtyard spaces of the porcelain workshops, one building was rotated to merge the two original courtyards into a single unified space. This reconfiguration allows access from the public square and the glass building to flow through the interior of the courtyard, connecting the entire complex into a cohesive whole.

院落原有建筑類型較為多樣，有傳統(tǒng)木構(gòu)的坯房和居住建筑、磚混建筑以及混凝土加木構(gòu)建筑。改造只拆除少量的后期建設(shè)建筑，并在部分拆除建筑的地基上新建建筑。梳理后的院落布局延續(xù)了原有院落的肌理關(guān)系、保留了原有建筑豐富的多樣性，也增加了院落的開(kāi)放性。

The original structure types of buildings in the courtyard are quite diverse, including traditional timber-framed workshop and residential buildings, brick masonry structures, and concrete structures with timber elements. The renovation only demolished a small number of later-construction buildings, and built new buildings on the foundations of some demolished buildings. The reorganized courtyard layout continues the texture relationship of the original courtyard, retains the rich diversity of the original buildings, and increases the openness of the courtyard.

咖啡廳、餐廳以及陶瓷藝術(shù)家工作室三種新的業(yè)態(tài)功能既有一定分區(qū)，又相互混合。這種布局方式有助于搭建新型的公共社群。

The three new business functions of cafe, restaurant and ceramic artist studio are divided into different areas and mixed with each other. This layout is conducive to building a new type of public community.

插建/件

“插建/件”式改造通過(guò)插漏補(bǔ)缺的方式，不僅延續(xù)了原有院落的空間關(guān)系，也最大限度保留了原有傳統(tǒng)建筑的特色，新舊建筑相得益彰。

“Plugin Architecture & Unit”renovation not only continues the spatial relationship of the original courtyard by filling in the gaps, but also retains the characteristics of the original traditional buildings to the greatest extent, so that the new and old buildings complement each other.

• 煙筒咖啡廳

咖啡廳為三層建筑，整體構(gòu)成包括磚砌的底座、雙坡大屋頂，以及夾在之間的通高磚墻和橙色結(jié)構(gòu)體。

The cafe is a three-story building with a large brick base, a large double-sloped roof, and a full-height brick wall and orange structure in between.

一層咖啡廳為主要入口空間，有一個(gè)回形吧臺(tái)，其三面為通透的玻璃幕墻，有著絕佳的視線，一面為磚墻設(shè)計(jì)有多個(gè)展示窗口。北側(cè)有室外螺旋樓梯可通至二層。

The first floor cafe is the main entrance space, with a circular bar counter, three sides of transparent glass curtain walls, with excellent sightlines, and one side of a brick wall with multiple display windows. There is an outdoor spiral staircase on the north side leading to the second floor.

磚砌的厚墻北側(cè)為聯(lián)系上下的直跑梯，踏步由厚墻直接懸挑出來(lái)。磚墻與玻璃幕墻圍合出一個(gè)三角側(cè)廳，三層通高，用于布置臨時(shí)展覽。

On the north side of the thick brick wall is a straight staircase connecting the upper and lower floors, with the steps cantilevered directly from the thick wall. The brick wall and the glass curtain wall enclose a triangular side hall with three floors, which is used to arrange temporary exhibitions.

二層為手沖咖啡區(qū)和一個(gè)有著三角天窗的玻璃包間。朝向西側(cè)的挑空處設(shè)有通長(zhǎng)吧臺(tái)，可遠(yuǎn)眺內(nèi)院以及遠(yuǎn)處連綿的坡屋頂。

The second floor is a hand-brewed coffee area and a glass private room with a triangular skylight. A long bar is set at the empty boundary facing the west, overlooking the inner courtyard and the continuous sloping roofs in the distance.

地下一層布置有三個(gè)拱形空間，是三個(gè)不同進(jìn)深的包間，可容納不同的活動(dòng)需求。

There are three arched spaces on the underground floor, which are private rooms of different sizes that can accommodate different activity needs.

咖啡廳的對(duì)角雙坡屋頂約15×12米見(jiàn)方，最大出挑超過(guò)9米，僅落于3顆鋼柱頂。屋面結(jié)構(gòu)類似傘形結(jié)構(gòu)，采用圍繞鋼柱布置環(huán)桁架的方式，環(huán)桁架周邊有伸臂桁架出挑。屋面桁架采用圓管相貫焊的方式連接，并采用球鉸支座落于鋼柱頂。

The diagonal double-slope roof of the cafe is about 15x12 meters square, with a maximum overhang of more than 9 meters, which only rests on the top of three steel columns. The roof structure is similar to an umbrella structure, with ring trusses arranged around the steel columns, and cantilever trusses around the ring trusses. The roof trusses are connected by intersecting welding of circular tubes and are supported on the top of steel columns with ball joints.

大屋頂同時(shí)覆蓋了室內(nèi)和室外的公共空間，并通過(guò)大懸挑強(qiáng)化了視覺(jué)的漂浮感。

The large roof covers both indoor and outdoor public spaces, and the large cantilever strengthens the visual sense of floating.

• 餐廳

餐廳院落的三棟原有建筑各有特色，緊挨廣場(chǎng)的是一棟歇山頂木構(gòu)建筑，北側(cè)是一棟兩層高的雙坡磚混建筑，轉(zhuǎn)角是一棟方形雙坡木構(gòu)建筑。設(shè)計(jì)通過(guò)“插建”一個(gè)U型連廊連接三個(gè)原有建筑，并在原有建筑內(nèi)部置入藍(lán)綠色入口及樓梯系統(tǒng)，將人流引入一層主體餐飲空間。轉(zhuǎn)角建筑則插入了新的藍(lán)綠色門窗系統(tǒng)，以增強(qiáng)室內(nèi)外的聯(lián)系。

The three original buildings in the restaurant courtyard have their own characteristics. Next to the square is a wooden building with a hip roof, on the north side is a two-story double-slope brick-concrete building, and at the corner is a square double-slope wooden building. The design connects the three original buildings by "inserting" a U-shaped corridor, and inserts a blue-green entrance and staircase system inside the original building to lead people into the main dining space on the first floor. A new blue-green door and window system is inserted into the corner building to enhance the connection between indoor and outdoor.

新增的藍(lán)綠色樓梯及夾層系統(tǒng)與原有木屋架完全脫開(kāi)，有自己的結(jié)構(gòu)體系，并在效果上與原有木屋架形成較大差別，來(lái)突出可逆性改造的設(shè)計(jì)策略。

The newly added blue-green staircase and mezzanine system are completely separated from the original wooden structure. They have their own structural system and are visually quite different from the original wooden structure, highlighting the design strategy of reversible transformation.

• 陶瓷藝術(shù)家工作坊

院落西側(cè)為陶瓷藝術(shù)家工作室，采用“插件家”[1]的預(yù)制化方式進(jìn)行改造。原有木屋架完全不動(dòng)，在一層布置工作+衛(wèi)生間模塊和廚房模塊，在高處布置臥室模塊，工作模塊上方設(shè)置木平臺(tái)作為茶室空間。

The west side of the courtyard is a group of ceramic artist studios, which were renovated using the prefabricated "plugin house" system. The original wooden frame was completely retained, and the work + bathroom module and kitchen module were arranged between wooden structures on first floor, and the bedroom module was arranged between the mezzanine wooden structures. A wooden platform was set above the work module as a tea room space.

預(yù)制模塊有清晰的氣候邊界，有著良好的保溫性和密閉性，有獨(dú)立的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，可以在景德鎮(zhèn)冬天極冷、夏天極熱的氣候下提供較為舒適的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。

The prefabricated modules have clear climate boundaries, good thermal insulation and airtightness, and an independent air-conditioning system, which can provide a more comfortable indoor environment in Jingdezhen's extremely cold winters and extremely hot summers.

小結(jié)

御窯廠的楊華弄院落更新在延續(xù)原有空間肌理、保留原有傳統(tǒng)建筑的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)“插建/件”式的方法，將封閉的院落空間進(jìn)行重構(gòu)和激活，來(lái)匹配新的功能業(yè)態(tài)和使用方式，是一種聯(lián)結(jié)歷史和未來(lái)、可持續(xù)的歷史街區(qū)更新方法。

The renovation of the Yanghua Lane courtyard in the Imperial Kiln Factory continues the original spatial texture and retains the original traditional architecture. Through the“Plugin Architecture & Unit” method, the closed courtyard space is reconstructed and activated to match the new functional formats and new usage methods. It is a method of connecting history and the future, and a sustainable historical block renewal method.

設(shè)計(jì)圖紙 ▽

注釋：

[1] “插件家”發(fā)展自眾建筑的“內(nèi)盒院”。預(yù)制的“插件板”系統(tǒng)具有很好的防水性能，可用在室外；建造無(wú)需其他結(jié)構(gòu)，板材自身即為結(jié)構(gòu)。插件預(yù)制模塊板集結(jié)構(gòu)、防潮、保溫、設(shè)備、室內(nèi)外飾面于一體，整體厚度只有50毫米。板材之間用鎖鉤連接，幾個(gè)非專業(yè)人員用簡(jiǎn)單的工具即可在一天內(nèi)完成搭建。

完整項(xiàng)目信息

業(yè)主：景德鎮(zhèn)陶文旅集團(tuán)

地點(diǎn)：景德鎮(zhèn)御窯廠片區(qū)

設(shè)計(jì)單位：劉克成設(shè)計(jì)工作室+眾建筑

建成時(shí)間：2022年

規(guī)模尺度：占地面積1630平方米，建筑面積1340平方米

設(shè)計(jì)主持（劉克成設(shè)計(jì)工作室）：劉克成，肖莉

設(shè)計(jì)主持（眾建筑）：何哲，沈海恩（James Shen），臧峰

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)：袁櫻子，張萌

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)：楊全越，楊茜，黃俐穎，張夢(mèng)媛，周時(shí)敏，韓笑，劉一新，王赫，溫皓，蔣穎、劉伊豐

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)：劉粟/北京首昂建筑結(jié)構(gòu)工作室

設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)：西安新會(huì)眾建筑工程設(shè)計(jì)咨詢有限公司

攝影：朱雨蒙，眾建筑

圖紙繪制：張萌，袁子書

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