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建筑賞析|極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)

發(fā)布于：2025-02-07 13:00:41

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極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)第1張圖片

Sinfonia Verde住宅

由專筑網(wǎng)Yinglin，小R編譯

奧薩半島深處，一株蒼古的巨木傾頹而下。一剎那，陽(yáng)光破開密織的樹冠，灑落地表，勾勒出一方難得的碧空。這處天然的林中空地，成就了兩位研究者的心愿，為他們構(gòu)筑起一座與世隔絕的居所，四面八方盡是野性的律動(dòng)。

設(shè)計(jì)概念 - 熱帶雨林是一個(gè)復(fù)雜且多層次的生態(tài)環(huán)境，其中的密度和陰暗常常令人感到迷失。林葉間的一線空隙，恰似天光乍現(xiàn)，揭示出參天古木的雄偉。這種全景體驗(yàn)激發(fā)了住宅的設(shè)計(jì)靈感，建筑形態(tài)宛如一輪圓盤，中間有一個(gè)圓形天窗。建筑的邊緣與森林相融，而內(nèi)核則成為一方與曠野相隔的凈土。居于此高架之上，住者浸潤(rùn)于自然的聲響與節(jié)律之中，隨晝夜流轉(zhuǎn)，猶如一曲動(dòng)人的交響樂。

In the depths of the Osa Peninsula, a giant tree fell to the ground. For the first time, sunlight penetrated the dense canopy, revealing a rare glimpse of the blue sky above. The natural clearing it created offered a place for two researchers to build their off-grid home, surrounded in every direction by the vibrations of the wild. Concept - The rainforest is a complex multi-layered environment, where the density and darkness can be disorienting. An opening in the foliage provides a moment of clarity, revealing the towering heights of trees. This panoramic experience inspired the design of the home, which takes the shape of a disk with an oculus at its center. On its periphery, the house interfaces with the forest, while its core provides a sanctuary from the wilderness. From this elevated platform, residents are immersed in the sounds and rhythms of nature, transitioning throughout the day like a symphony.

極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)第2張圖片

設(shè)計(jì) - 建筑師的設(shè)計(jì)意圖在于展現(xiàn)環(huán)境的多重視角。建筑雖為單層，卻因地勢(shì)陡降而形成錯(cuò)落。一側(cè)與林地平齊，一側(cè)則凌空而起。環(huán)繞的步道引人從覆滿苔蘚的樹根漫步至樹冠層，那里緋紅金剛鸚鵡正在枝間覓食。住宅內(nèi)設(shè)有兩個(gè)臥室、一個(gè)結(jié)合了起居室和廚房的空間，以及一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室書庫(kù)，交錯(cuò)著可以觀賞野生動(dòng)物的陰涼露臺(tái)。因四鄰有美洲豹、吼猴出沒，中庭便成為這片未經(jīng)馴化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的一方凈土。寬大的屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)庇護(hù)住宅免受熱帶強(qiáng)烈的日曬雨淋。雙曲面將雨水導(dǎo)向兩側(cè)，匯成自然溪流。百葉遮陽(yáng)讓清新空氣與林間聲響滲透入室，而放射狀的木質(zhì)天花板從中心向外延展，散發(fā)溫潤(rùn)。

Design - Our design intention was to highlight different perspectives of the environment. While the home is on a single level, the terrain around it descends steeply. One side aligns with the forest floor, while the other is raised high above the ground. The perimeter walkway takes visitors from moss-covered roots up to the treetops, where scarlet macaws forage among the branches. The home features two bedrooms, a combined living room and kitchen, and a laboratory library, interspersed with shaded outdoor terraces from which to observe wildlife. With the likes of jaguars and howler monkeys in the vicinity, the central courtyard offers a calm space amid an untamed ecosystem. An expansive roof structure shelters the house from the region's intense rain and sun. The hyperbolic form directs rainwater towards the sides, where it cascades into natural streams. Slatted screens allow fresh air and forest sounds to permeate the home, while the wooden ceiling radiates from the center, extending outwards.

極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)第7張圖片

可持續(xù)性 - 毗鄰科爾科瓦多國(guó)家公園——這片蘊(yùn)藏著地球3%生物多樣性的寶地，建筑需以更為謹(jǐn)慎且靈敏的設(shè)計(jì)策略進(jìn)行應(yīng)對(duì)。建筑基底最小化，以避免清除林地植被。采用高架樁基與細(xì)部基礎(chǔ)，既不擾地下水流，又讓野生動(dòng)物與植物根系自由穿行。在這個(gè)炎熱潮濕的地帶，我們致力于打造一個(gè)無需機(jī)械制冷的舒適環(huán)境。此目標(biāo)通過架空建筑并設(shè)置可調(diào)百葉開窗實(shí)現(xiàn)被動(dòng)通風(fēng)。白色隔熱屋面反射陽(yáng)光，降低熱量吸收。建筑完全自給自足，通過光伏陣列與溪流水力渦輪發(fā)電，并提供飲用水。節(jié)能照明與環(huán)保材料如柚木、軟木的使用進(jìn)一步減少環(huán)境影響。

Sustainability - Building in proximity to Corcovado National Park, which hosts approximately 3% of the planet's biopersity, demanded a sensitive and responsive approach. The house was scaled to a minimum footprint to avoid removing vegetation around the clearing. It was raised on stilts with narrow footings to prevent disruption to the groundwater and allow animals and root systems to cross below. In a region characterized by extreme heat and humidity, our goal was to create a comfortable living environment without mechanical cooling. This was achieved by raising the home off the ground and including louvered openings to encourage passive ventilation. The white insulated roof helps keep the house cooler by reflecting sunlight and reducing heat absorption. The home is entirely self-sufficient, generating power through a photovoltaic array and a hydro turbine in a nearby stream, which also supplies drinking water. Energy-efficient lighting and responsibly sourced materials, such as teak and cork, further reduce the environmental impact. The residents contribute to the preservation of the area by monitoring wildlife, propagating native plant species, and leading initiatives to restore nearby coral reefs.

極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)第10張圖片

建筑 - 在此般偏遠(yuǎn)且嚴(yán)苛的環(huán)境中營(yíng)建，需精心規(guī)劃與靈活調(diào)適。此地多地震，降雨豐沛，晝夜溫差大，空氣含鹽，野生動(dòng)物環(huán)伺。選擇熟諳此地且善于權(quán)變的本土承包商至關(guān)重要。由于場(chǎng)地上沒有電力和水源連接，且只有一條狹窄的小徑通往現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，所有資源都必須通過卡車運(yùn)輸過河流和山脈，然后再由人力背運(yùn)至施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件預(yù)制完成后于旱季運(yùn)抵，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)純手工組裝。獨(dú)特的動(dòng)態(tài)屋頂由不同坡度的梁架編織成網(wǎng)，覆以纖維水泥板與耐候膜，以抵御惡劣氣候。竣工之后，場(chǎng)地將重植本土植被，假以時(shí)日，綠意將攀附整座建筑，使之漸漸沒入自然懷抱。

Construction - Building in a remote and challenging location requires careful planning and adaptation. In an earthquake zone, with high precipitation, dramatic temperature differentials, salt in the air, and threatening wildlife, it was crucial to work with a local contractor who knew these realities and had the resourcefulness to overcome them. With no electricity or water connection on the property, and only a narrow footpath for access, all resources had to be transported over rivers and mountains by truck and then carried to the site. Prefabricated steel components were prepared in advance, delivered during the dry season, and assembled by hand. The dynamic roof form was created with a woven grid of uniquely pitched beams and was then covered with fiber cement boards and a durable membrane to withstand the harsh environment. After construction, the site was replanted with native vegetation, which will eventually envelop the home, absorbing it into the natural surroundings.

極限挑戰(zhàn)下的奇跡，架空樹頂屋的建造冒險(xiǎn)第12張圖片

建筑師：Studio Saxe
類型：住宅、可持續(xù)性與綠色設(shè)計(jì)
面積：400 平方米
年份：2022年
項(xiàng)目建筑師：Frederik Dolmans
合伙人：Benjamin G Saxe
建筑商：Gabriel Reyes
機(jī)電工程師：CIEM
結(jié)構(gòu)工程師：GUIDI Estructurales
城市： Carate
國(guó)家：哥斯達(dá)黎加

Sinfonia Verde Home / Studio Saxe
（Sinfonia Verde住宅）
Sinfonia Verde Home / Studio Saxe
Houses, Sustainability & Green Design•Carate, Costa Rica
Architects: Studio Saxe
Area: 400 m²
Year: 2022
Project Architect: Frederik Dolmans
Partner: Benjamin G Saxe
Builder: Gabriel Reyes
Electromechanical Engineer: CIEM
Structural Engineer: GUIDI Estructurales
City: Carate
Country: Costa Rica

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