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建筑賞析|新作|冰川校園

發(fā)布于：2024-12-20 13:36:12

首頁/技術(shù)分享/建筑賞析

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新作 | 冰川校園第1張圖片

阿爾卑斯山腳，層層疊疊的冰川形態(tài)建筑，與白雪皚皚的山脈遙相呼應(yīng)，融入自然生態(tài)景觀……

這是瓦萊達(dá)奧斯塔大學(xué)新校區(qū)，舊軍營建筑變身奧斯塔市文化教育新地標(biāo)，也是意大利首批零能源建筑。

At the foot of the Alps, tiered glacier-inspired architectural forms blend harmoniously with the snow-covered mountain landscape, seamlessly integrating into the natural ecosystem.
This is the new campus of the University of Valle d'Aosta. Former military barracks have been transformed into a cultural and educational landmark in Aosta, representing one of Italy's first zero-energy buildings.

新作 | 冰川校園第2張圖片

設(shè)計(jì)從環(huán)境和人文可持續(xù)發(fā)展的角度出發(fā)，充分尊重當(dāng)?shù)刈匀画h(huán)境和氣候，彰顯地域文化特色。創(chuàng)新的校園體系結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)環(huán)境和城市影響最小化的建筑，相比同類建筑降低了至少38%的能耗。

The design emphasizes environmental and cultural sustainability, fully respecting the local natural environment and climate while showcasing the region's cultural identity. The innovative campus architecture minimizes its impact on the environment and the city, achieving at least a 38% reduction in energy consumption compared to similar buildings.

場(chǎng)地的有機(jī)更新

新校區(qū)位于大區(qū)首府奧斯塔市，在尊重原有平面布局的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行重新規(guī)劃，打造一個(gè)面向城市開放的新校園。

包括保護(hù)和改造極具重要?dú)v史意義的舊軍營建筑和創(chuàng)建三座代表性的新建筑。

The design focuses on environmental and cultural sustainability, with deep respect for the local natural environment and climate, while highlighting the unique cultural identity of the region.
Its innovative campus architecture minimizes environmental and urban impact, reducing energy consumption by at least 38% compared to similar structures.

新作 | 冰川校園第3張圖片

景觀與氣候協(xié)作的當(dāng)代建筑

設(shè)計(jì)展示了如何構(gòu)建與景觀和氣候協(xié)作的當(dāng)代建筑。冰川的創(chuàng)意概念，呼應(yīng)阿爾卑斯雪山的自然景觀，擺脫了原有軍營建筑的僵硬感。既展示了對(duì)歷史建筑的尊重，又有助于城市記憶的延續(xù)。

The design demonstrates how contemporary architecture can harmonize with the landscape and climate. Inspired by the concept of glaciers, it echoes the natural beauty of the Alpine snow-capped mountains, shedding the rigidity of the original military barracks. It strikes a balance between respecting historical architecture and contributing to the continuity of the city's memory.

新作 | 冰川校園第5張圖片

同時(shí)，校園的組織方式從植物界的有機(jī)關(guān)系中汲取智慧，在保持相對(duì)獨(dú)立的基礎(chǔ)上又互相關(guān)聯(lián)，大量的公共空間以靈活有效的方式面向城市開放，在保障教學(xué)活動(dòng)的同時(shí)滿足城市的公共需求，提升社會(huì)福祉。

At the same time, the campus organization draws inspiration from the organic relationships found in the plant kingdom, maintaining relative independence while fostering interconnection. Ample public spaces are designed to be flexibly and efficiently open to the city, ensuring the functionality of academic activities while meeting urban public needs and enhancing social well-being.

功能與開放性

建筑包括地上四層和地下兩層。通過對(duì)校園活動(dòng)的私密性進(jìn)行分級(jí)，分層級(jí)面向城市開放。食堂、書店和會(huì)議廳入口等布局于底層末端，增強(qiáng)了廣場(chǎng)的通達(dá)性。而機(jī)房、管道服務(wù)和維護(hù)空間都位于地下層。大部分工作坊位于地下一層，可直接從地下停車場(chǎng)進(jìn)入，廣場(chǎng)上的巨大天井實(shí)現(xiàn)了自然采光和通風(fēng)。地下二層的大型會(huì)議廳，可用于學(xué)校和城市的公共活動(dòng)。

The building consists of four above-ground floors and two underground levels, with campus activities organized by privacy levels to provide a tiered openness to the city. Facilities such as the cafeteria, bookstore, and conference hall entrances are located at the ground floor ends, enhancing accessibility to the plaza. Technical rooms, utility pipelines, and maintenance spaces are housed on the underground levels. Most workshops are situated on the first underground floor, with direct access from the underground parking lot, while large skylights in the plaza provide natural light and ventilation. The second underground floor features a spacious conference hall designed for both school and public urban events.

新作 | 冰川校園第8張圖片

校園面向城市開放，不僅揭示了其歷史軍事意義，且提高了教育設(shè)施的利用率。回饋社會(huì)的同時(shí)也提升了城市活力。

The campus opens up to the city, not only revealing its historical military significance but also enhancing the utilization of educational facilities. By giving back to the community, it simultaneously invigorates urban life.

立面系統(tǒng)

多種立面系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)用于面向城市和廣場(chǎng)的外立面。在廣場(chǎng)一側(cè)，立面結(jié)構(gòu)由玻璃外板和不透明板構(gòu)成，提供自然采光以及主動(dòng)遮陽。既保證了舒適的室內(nèi)環(huán)境，又賦予建筑外觀的可識(shí)別性。

A variety of façade systems are applied to the exteriors facing the city and the plaza. On the plaza side, the façade features a combination of glass panels and opaque panels, providing natural lighting and active shading. This design ensures a comfortable indoor environment while enhancing the building's visual identity.

新作 | 冰川校園第10張圖片

建筑結(jié)構(gòu)由大型鋼筋混凝土地板和一系列鋼筋混凝土墻體組成。這種解決方案無需支撐構(gòu)件就能創(chuàng)造出寬闊的空間，在教室的靈活布置上極具優(yōu)勢(shì)。

The building structure consists of large reinforced concrete slabs and a series of reinforced concrete walls. This solution creates expansive spaces without the need for supporting components, offering significant advantages for the flexible arrangement of classrooms.

新作 | 冰川校園第13張圖片

環(huán)境策略

充分研究當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀画h(huán)境和典型氣候，包括太陽路徑、陰影變化和盛行風(fēng)向等關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。設(shè)計(jì)策略保證既能有效抵御極端天氣條件，又能利用環(huán)境資源支持其運(yùn)行，實(shí)現(xiàn)近零耗能。

現(xiàn)場(chǎng)太陽輻射的分析表明，場(chǎng)地在冬季受到山谷南坡的遮擋加強(qiáng)，且日溫差和季節(jié)溫差較大。依此設(shè)計(jì)出緊湊、隔熱性能良好又具審美性外觀的建筑體量，同時(shí)新建筑對(duì)周圍建筑的日照量幾乎沒有影響。

建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)一體化的設(shè)計(jì)確保了超低能耗，利用可再生能源包括地下水熱泵、冷凝鍋爐、光伏發(fā)電等，提高成本收益率，確保建筑的最佳性能，達(dá)到極高的環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

The design thoroughly studies the local natural environment and typical climate, including key factors such as the solar path, shading variations, and prevailing wind directions. The design strategy ensures effective resistance to extreme weather conditions while utilizing environmental resources to support its operation, achieving nearly zero energy consumption.
Analysis of solar radiation on site shows that the area is shielded by the southern slope of the valley in winter, with significant daily and seasonal temperature variations. Based on this, a compact, well-insulated, and aesthetically pleasing building volume is designed, with minimal impact on the sunlight received by surrounding buildings.
The integrated design of the building envelope ensures ultra-low energy consumption, utilizing renewable energy sources such as geothermal heat pumps, condensing boilers, and photovoltaic power generation. This enhances cost-efficiency and guarantees optimal building performance, meeting high environmental quality standards.

新作 | 冰川校園第15張圖片

瓦萊達(dá)奧斯塔大學(xué)新校區(qū)，以地域氣候和人本主義理念為可持續(xù)發(fā)展的核心。通過建筑的力量為環(huán)境發(fā)聲，用設(shè)計(jì)的語言實(shí)現(xiàn)歷史與現(xiàn)代的平衡。

開放性的校區(qū)，提升了民生福祉。校園與城市的和諧互動(dòng)，為歷史中心注入新的活力的同時(shí)也優(yōu)化了城市結(jié)構(gòu)。助力于創(chuàng)造高品質(zhì)的城市生活，成為奧斯塔城市和社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的新標(biāo)桿。

The new campus of the University of Valle d'Aosta places regional climate and humanistic principles at the core of its sustainable development. Through the power of architecture, it gives voice to the environment and uses design to achieve a balance between history and modernity.
The open campus enhances public welfare, with a harmonious interaction between the campus and the city. It injects new vitality into the historic center while optimizing the urban structure. It contributes to creating a high-quality urban life and sets a new benchmark for the sustainable development of the city of Aosta and its society.

項(xiàng)目信息

位置：意大利，奧斯塔
時(shí)間：2023
面積：52000平方米
團(tuán)隊(duì)：Mario Cucinella, Giulio Desiderio, Donato Labella, Michele Olivieri, Fabrizio Bonatti, Lucrezia Rendace, Julissa Gutarra, Nada Balestri, David Hirsh, Rigoberto Arambula, Luca Stramigioli, Davide Stolfi, Giulia Pentella, Alberto Bruno, Yuri Costantini
建筑項(xiàng)目合作：Studio Pession Associato, Tetrastudio, Studio Rosset e Associati
效果圖：Engram Studio
結(jié)構(gòu)工程：Sintecna Srl
設(shè)備工程：Golder Associates, Metec & Saggese, Energy Services
消防與安全設(shè)計(jì)：Giuseppe Amaro, Engineer
攝影：Duccio Malagamba

來源：本文由MCA建筑事務(wù)所提供稿件，所有著作權(quán)歸屬M(fèi)CA建筑事務(wù)所所有。

本文版權(quán)歸腿腿教學(xué)網(wǎng)及原創(chuàng)作者所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載。