sexhu,扒开腿狂躁女人视频

完善主體資料，免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送VIP會(huì)員!

* 主體類型

個(gè)人

企業(yè)

* 企業(yè)名稱

* 信用代碼

* 所在行業(yè)

* 企業(yè)規(guī)模

* 所在職位

* 姓名

* 所在行業(yè)

* 學(xué)歷

* 工作性質(zhì)

請(qǐng)先選擇行業(yè)

您還可以選擇以下福利：

行業(yè)福利，領(lǐng)完即止！

代領(lǐng)證書(shū)

一鍵查詢BIM證書(shū)

下載app免費(fèi)領(lǐng)取會(huì)員

建筑賞析|涂酸奶抗熱浪？英工程師的腦洞大開(kāi)降溫法

發(fā)布于：2024-11-04 13:00:03

首頁(yè)/技術(shù)分享/建筑賞析

網(wǎng)友投稿

涂酸奶抗熱浪？英工程師的腦洞大開(kāi)降溫法第1張圖片

由專筑網(wǎng)Yinglin，小R編譯

窗戶涂酸奶，環(huán)保又降溫：奇特的建筑創(chuàng)新

炎炎夏日，英國(guó)工程師 Tom Greenhill構(gòu)思了一個(gè)建議低成本、低能耗的降溫方案——在窗戶外側(cè)涂抹酸奶，目的是在高溫期間使家居保持涼爽。

用滾筒涂抹，酸奶干得快，能形成類似磨砂玻璃的效果。Greenhill說(shuō)，這種涂層應(yīng)該能像其他節(jié)能窗涂層產(chǎn)品一樣反射光和熱。

Greenhill承認(rèn)，這看起來(lái)可能是一個(gè)“完全古怪的想法”。但根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)，他還沒(méi)有看到這個(gè)策略的任何缺點(diǎn)。

British engineer Tom Greenhill is proposing painting the outside of windows with yoghurt as a low-cost, low-energy solution to keep UK homes cool during heatwaves.
Painted on with a roller, yoghurt dries quickly and creates a fritted glass-like effect that Greenhill says should reflect light and heat in much the same way as other energy-efficient window coating products.
Greenhill admits that this may seem like a "totally eccentric idea". But based on his own experiments, he is yet to see a downside to the strategy.

涂酸奶抗熱浪？英工程師的腦洞大開(kāi)降溫法第2張圖片

他說(shuō)，酸奶容易涂抹，沒(méi)有氣味，不會(huì)吸引昆蟲(chóng)，除非遇到大雨，否則不會(huì)分解。熱浪過(guò)后，只需用布和水輕輕一擦即可清除。

Greenhill是一名注冊(cè)工程師和環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者，專注于新建筑的全生命周期碳減排。最近，他推出了一個(gè)“熱浪工具包”，列出了一些低成本的DIY降溫方案。

他認(rèn)為，雖然市場(chǎng)上有一些很好的產(chǎn)品和措施可以改造建筑，從而抵御高溫，但目前的策略對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)實(shí)施起來(lái)較為困難。

He says the yoghurt is easy to apply, doesn't smell, doesn't attract insects, doesn't degrade unless there's heavy rain and can be washed off simply with a cloth and water once the heatwave is over.
Greenhill is a chartered engineer and environmentalist, specialised in whole-life carbon reduction in new builds, who recently launched a Heatwave Toolkit cataloguing low-cost DIY cooling solutions.
His view is that, while there are some great products and architectural interventions on the market that can retrofit buildings to ward off heat, most are currently inaccessible to many people.

涂酸奶抗熱浪？英工程師的腦洞大開(kāi)降溫法第3張圖片

“我曾在建筑項(xiàng)目中加入了綠屋頂、各種景觀元素、指定的外部遮陽(yáng)、深窗臺(tái)和可移動(dòng)的外部遮陽(yáng)?！盙reenhill說(shuō)，“這些都非常有用，但大多數(shù)人沒(méi)有能力去做這些?！?br />
他認(rèn)為，酸奶是租房者、居住在保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)不能對(duì)建筑進(jìn)行改動(dòng)的人，或那些買(mǎi)不起專門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品的人的一種替代解決方案。

Greenhill特別關(guān)注英國(guó)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)國(guó)家擁有歐洲最為古老的建筑，但是這些建筑無(wú)法應(yīng)對(duì)日益增長(zhǎng)的高溫天氣。

“通過(guò)工作，我意識(shí)到，我們不僅需要這些臨時(shí)適應(yīng)措施——因?yàn)槠谕凶》慷寄苓m應(yīng)高溫天氣并不現(xiàn)實(shí)，而且這些措施需要快速部署，所以盡量經(jīng)濟(jì)且便捷。”他說(shuō)。

“這些措施還需要非常有效，因?yàn)榻ㄖ囊?guī)模非常大，持續(xù)高強(qiáng)度熱浪阻塞醫(yī)院并造成嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)非常高?！?br />
Greenhill在職業(yè)生涯早期于工程公司Max Fordham工作時(shí)聽(tīng)到的一個(gè)軼事啟發(fā)了他使用酸奶涂層的想法。

在上世紀(jì)90年代倫敦Geffrye 博物館（現(xiàn)為家庭博物館）翻修期間，據(jù)報(bào)道，F(xiàn)ordham 建議在建筑的玻璃屋頂上倒酸奶，因?yàn)榭蛻舯г瓜募緯r(shí)玻璃屋頂會(huì)滯留熱量。

"I've put green roofs and all these landscaping elements in, specified external shading, deep window reveals, moving external shades," Greenhill told Dezeen. "These are all fantastically useful, but most people don't have the agency to do that."
He sees yoghurt as an alternative solution for renters, people who live in conservation areas that prohibit changes to their buildings or people who simply can't afford specially designed products.
Greenhill particularly has the UK in mind, as the country is regularly referred to as having the oldest housing stock in Europe – none of it built for the increasingly long and intense periods of heat brought on by climate change.
"What I've realised through my work is not only do we need these temporary adaptations – because it's not realistic to expect all of the housing to be able to adapt – but they need to be rapidly deployable, they need to be incredibly cheap and they need to be really light touch," he said.
"They also need to be really effective because the scale of the problem is massive and the risk of a really intense, long heatwave clogging up hospitals and causing real problems is really significant."
Greenhill got the idea for the yoghurt coating from an anecdote he'd heard early in his career when he was working at the engineering firm Max Fordham.
During the renovation of London's Geffrye Museum in the 1990s – now the Museum of the Home – Fordham reportedly suggested pouring yoghurt over the building's glass roof after the client complained about it trapping heat in summer.

涂酸奶抗熱浪？英工程師的腦洞大開(kāi)降溫法第4張圖片

雖然Greenhill不確定這個(gè)故事是否真實(shí)，但多年來(lái)他一直在思考這個(gè)想法，并考慮它是否可行。

最近，在為“熱浪工具包”制定計(jì)劃時(shí)，他決定進(jìn)行調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)確實(shí)有用酸奶作為窗戶涂層的先例，人們用它來(lái)制作隱私屏障和窗戶藝術(shù)。

在這兩個(gè)例子中，畫(huà)家將酸奶涂在窗戶的內(nèi)側(cè)，記錄顯示，酸奶干后能夠形成堅(jiān)固的表面，這似乎是永久性的，除非被洗掉。

Greenhill說(shuō)：“將任何涂層應(yīng)用于窗戶外側(cè)對(duì)于降溫更有效，因?yàn)樗茏柚固?yáng)光線穿透熱包層并滯留在房屋內(nèi)部。”

在自己家里試用時(shí)，這位工程師發(fā)現(xiàn)用刷子效果不佳，但用滾筒涂抹酸奶能形成薄薄的一層，質(zhì)感讓人聯(lián)想到陶瓷釉料——“這是我在建筑項(xiàng)目中用來(lái)限制太陽(yáng)能增益的產(chǎn)品”。

他測(cè)試了多種酸奶——包括乳制品和燕麥酸奶——發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的效果都差不多，每扇窗只需約一湯匙，低脂酸奶能產(chǎn)生更透明的效果。

Greenhill現(xiàn)在正試圖推廣他的酸奶涂層方法，希望借此向公眾傳遞應(yīng)對(duì)熱浪的知識(shí)，同時(shí)爭(zhēng)取實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試的資金，以明確這種技術(shù)的有效性。

“即使它的效果只有陶瓷釉料的一半，它對(duì)于熱能的阻擋也依然具有變革性的作用?！盙reenhill說(shuō)。

雖然Greenhill的酸奶方法看起來(lái)不像是傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)解決方案，但一些專家認(rèn)為，該行業(yè)正在越來(lái)越多地轉(zhuǎn)向適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境危機(jī)。

While Greenhill is unsure whether the anecdote is true, he continued to think about it over the years and consider whether it would work.
Recently, while thinking up plans for the Heatwave Toolkit, he decided to investigate and found that there is precedent for using yoghurt as a window coating in the US, with people having used it to create privacy screens and window art.
In both of these instances, the painters applied the yoghurt to the inside of the windows but documented the results dried to a robust finish that seemed to be permanent until washed off.
Applying any coating to the exterior of the window is more effective for cooling, Greenhill said, as it stops the sun's rays from breaching the thermal envelope and getting trapped inside the house.
For a test run on his own home, the engineer found that using a brush was unsuccessful but applying the yoghurt with a roller gave a thin coating with a texture reminiscent of ceramic frit – "a product I've specified on building projects to limit solar gains".
He tested a variety of yoghurts – including dairy and oat – and found they all worked much the same, with only about a tablespoon of product required per window and lower fat yoghurts giving a more translucent effect.
Greenhill is now trying to publicise his yoghurt trick, both in the hopes of informing the public about heatwave preparedness and also securing funding for laboratory testing that would put a clear figure on the technique's effectiveness.
"Even if it was half as effective as ceramic frit, it would be an absolute game changer in terms of keeping the heat out of homes," said Greenhill.
While Greenhill's yoghurt method may not look like a conventional design solution, some experts argue the profession is increasingly shifting towards adaptation and making do in response to environmental crises.

本文版權(quán)歸腿腿教學(xué)網(wǎng)及原創(chuàng)作者所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載。