項目名稱? 東西通道東方路風塔及軌道交通14號線浦東大道站風井

設(shè)計單位? 致正建筑工作室

設(shè)計總包? 上海市隧道工程軌道交通設(shè)計研究院、上海市政工程設(shè)計研究總院(集團)有限公司

項目地點? 上海浦東

建成時間? 2023年6月

建筑面積? 1,929.0平方米

本文文字由致正建筑工作室提供。

項目背景

Project Background

東西通道東方路風塔及軌道交通14號線浦東大道站風井項目（簡稱風塔）是上海東西通道快速路浦東段地下道路與軌交14號線合建工程的重要配套設(shè)施，位于浦東大道、東方路交叉口東南角，地處陸家嘴CBD核心區(qū)以東的一個重要城市節(jié)點，介于浦東大道以北的濱江綜合帶和以南的大片居住區(qū)之間。這一十字路口的地下近廿余年來經(jīng)歷了包括大連路越江隧道、軌交4號線，以及東西通道等多輪劇烈的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。

The Ventilation Tower at Dongfang Road of East-West Passageway and the Ventilation Shaft of Pudong Avenue Station on Metro Line 14 (referred to as the “Wind Tower” Project) is a crucial supporting facility for the joint construction of road tunnel? section of the East-West Passageway and the Metro Line 14 in Pudong. Positioned at the southeast corner of the intersection of Pudong Avenue and Dongfang Road, it resides in a significant urban node to the east of Lujiazui CBD's core area, situated between the Riverside Comprehensive Zone north of Pudong Avenue and a large residential area to the south. Over the past twenty years, the underground at this intersection has witnessed intense infrastructure developments, including the Dalian Road Cross-River Tunnel, Metro Line 4, and the East-West Passageway.

東西通道是指由浦西延安路高架、延安東路越江隧道和浦東大道地下道路構(gòu)成的東西向快速交通系統(tǒng)。2014年底開始的東西通道浦東大道段地下隧道與軌交14號線合建工程將兩者上下疊合在浦東大道下方，且需結(jié)建六座地鐵站，是上海近年來建設(shè)規(guī)模最大、施工難度最高的綜合交通系統(tǒng)工程。而本交叉路口下方正好是最復雜的結(jié)建地鐵站之一，東西通道及軌交14號線需分別在已建的大連路隧道及4號線地鐵站的上方及下方作雙十字穿越，由此形成投影面積1.4萬余平方米的深達28米的四層地下結(jié)構(gòu)，風塔就坐落在站體東南角突出的一個地下三層、20米深的6號出入口及設(shè)備用房基座上。該段工程經(jīng)多年建設(shè)，浦東大道地面交通、軌交14號線及東西通道地下道路已相繼通車。風塔在設(shè)備運行后又經(jīng)過半年的外立面及環(huán)境施工，于2023年6月竣工。

The East-West Passageway refers to a rapid east-west traffic system comprising the Yan’an Road Viaduct in Puxi, Yan’an East Road Cross-River Tunnel, and road tunnel of Pudong Avenue. The joint construction of the East-West Passageway’s Pudong Avenue road tunnel and Metro Line 14, initiated at the end of 2014, superimposes both infrastructures vertically up and down beneath Pudong Avenue and involves the construction of six metro stations. It stands as Shanghai’s largest-scale and most challenging comprehensive transportation system project in recent years. One of the most complex joint construction for a metro stations and road tunnel is built under this crossroad area by the wind tower. The East-West Passageway Tunnel and Metro Line 14 must cross each other in a double-cross configuration above and below the existing Dalian Road Tunnel and Line 4 subway station. This results in a four-floor underground structure with a projected area of over 14,000m², and a depth of 28m. The wind tower is situated on an underground three-floor, 20m-deep basement for facilities rooms and No. 6 metro entrance, protruding from the southeast corner of the station. After several years of construction, the ground traffic on Pudong Avenue, Metro Line 14, and the East-West Passageway Tunnel has sequentially commenced operation. Following the operational phase, the wind tower underwent six months of exterior facade and environmental construction, and was completed in June 2023.

▲ 項目視頻? ?楊敏

場地條件

Site Conditions

風塔東側(cè)與錢倉路之間原是建于1924年的上海市優(yōu)秀歷史建筑吳氏民宅（吳妙生宅）用地，配合東西通道及地鐵的建設(shè)已被整體保護性拆除入庫，等待原址復建。南側(cè)相鄰的陳氏民宅建于1930年代，是浦東新區(qū)文物保護點。錢倉路原名其昌棧南街，是浦東沿江歷史上除同樣因渡口而興的東昌路外最熱鬧的地段。

To the east, between the Wind Tower and Qiancang Road, was the site of the historic Wu's Residence (Wu Miaosheng’s Residence), a Heritage Architecture in Shanghai built in 1924. In coordination with the construction of the East-West Passageway and the metro, this building has been entirely disassembled and put in storage for preservation, and awaits reconstruction at its original location. Adjacent to the south is the Chen's Residence, built in the 1930s, designated as a Cultural Relics Protection Site in Pudong. The area of Qiancang Road, formerly known as Qichangzhan South Street, was historically one of the liveliest sections along the river in Pudong apart from Dongchang Road due to its ferry crossing.

由于風塔項目周圍居民區(qū)密集，風塔高度從環(huán)保角度確定為不小于60米，加之所處位置醒目，這使它的高度與體量必定成為這一地區(qū)不可回避的實體存在。通過2014年和2017年的兩輪城市設(shè)計，我們對這一交叉口周邊的各類基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施與零碎用地、文化歷史要素、街角開放空間等進行了整合研究，以利于縫合城市空間，提升地區(qū)活力。針對風塔所在地塊，我們一方面協(xié)調(diào)風塔與相鄰歷史建筑的關(guān)系，另一方面通過空間、功能、環(huán)境與形象的復合，賦予風塔具有超越一般基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的良性標志地位，將這一原本的灰色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施塑造成融入城市環(huán)境、回饋社區(qū)生活、激發(fā)地區(qū)活力的綠色景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

Given the dense residential areas surrounding the Wind Tower, its height has been environmentally regulated to not be less than 60m. Moreover, its prominent location dictates that its height and volume become an unavoidable tangible presence in this area. Through urban design efforts in 2014 and 2017, comprehensive studies were conducted on various infrastructural elements, fragmented land use, cultural and historical factors, and open spaces of street corners around this intersection. These efforts aimed to facilitate the integration of urban spaces and enhance the vitality of the area. Addressing the specific site of the Wind Tower, efforts focused on coordinating its relationship with adjacent historical buildings. Additionally, a composite approach encompassing space, functionality, environment, and image aims to endow the Wind Tower with a positive landmark status, transcending the typical role of infrastructure. Ultimately, the goal is to transform the gray infrastructure into a green landscape infrastructure that integrates seamlessly into the urban environment, enriches community life, and stimulates the vitality of the area.

前期方案

Preliminary Scheme

2017年中開始的風塔方案設(shè)計中，我們提出將風塔與吳宅、陳宅為主的歷史風貌活化及文化展示區(qū)緊密結(jié)合，形成尺度宜人、環(huán)境友好的活力街區(qū)。首先利用吳宅和陳宅之間的空地與風塔相圍合，形成面向錢倉路開口的口袋公園，既作為風塔的后花園，又作為吳宅與陳宅的前場。吳宅被復建在抬高一層的基座上，并和風塔的二層平臺聯(lián)通，也在基座部分提供了文化展示空間，且為其營造了一個從口袋公園拾級而上的歷史儀式感。

The design concept for the Wind Tower project, initiated in 2017, aimed to integrate the Wind Tower with the revitalization of the historical ambiance, primarily the Wu’s and Chen’s Residences, creating a vibrant block with a pleasant scale and environmentally friendly surroundings. The preliminary scheme proposed enclosing the open space between the Wu’s and Chen’s Residences with the Wind Tower, forming a pocket park facing Qiancang Road. This park serves as both the backyard of the Wind Tower and the forecourt of the Wu’s and Chen’s Residences. The reestablished Wu’s Residence will be elevated by one floor and connected to the Wind Tower's second-floor platform. Additionally, within the pedestal structure, cultural exhibition spaces will be provided, to foster a sense of historical ceremony as visitors ascend from the pocket park.

風塔在技術(shù)布局上分為南北兩組結(jié)構(gòu)體，北側(cè)緊靠道路轉(zhuǎn)角是高度較低的軌交14號線地鐵站的配套風井集束和兩處地下疏散樓梯間；南側(cè)偏東是由一個60米高主排風井及其它低位風井集束而成的東西通道風塔和另一處地下疏散樓梯間，沿東方路與其貼臨設(shè)有14號線地鐵站6號出入口。南北兩組結(jié)構(gòu)體之間設(shè)置開放的穿越通道，形成街角空間、地鐵出入口及其背面的凹入休息空間與東側(cè)口袋公園的轉(zhuǎn)折連通。

The Wind Tower is technically organized into two structural volumes, divided into the north and south. The north section with lower-height, adjacent to the road corner, houses the supporting ventilation shafts cluster for Metro Line 14 station and two underground evacuation stairwells. The southern section, slightly eastward, comprises the East-West Passageway ventilation tower, with a cluster of a primary 60m-high main exhaust shaft and other lower shafts, along with another evacuation stairwell. This segment runs along Dongfang Road, adjacent to the entrance 6 of Metro station. An open crosswalk through the north and south structural components links the street corner, the Metro entrance, the recessed relaxation space at the back of Metro entrance, and the pocket park to the east.

風塔低位風井和高位風井的體量退臺高度與地鐵風井高度基本一致，由此形成層層景觀挑臺與退臺結(jié)合的三層基座空間，其底層沿街面除了穿越通道口之外都是陡坡綠植墻，緩解密閉風井體量對于街道的隔絕感，并優(yōu)化近人尺度的界面。在基座二、三層內(nèi)，利用風塔低位風井和地鐵出入口的體積退讓，我們在沿東方路一側(cè)植入小型社區(qū)用房，并在主排風井南側(cè)背面增設(shè)地上電梯和疏散樓梯，以及二三層的公共衛(wèi)生間。在地鐵出入口外側(cè)的沿街面，我們順應(yīng)地鐵出入口內(nèi)樓梯方向，由北向南設(shè)置緩臺階通向基座二層平臺，在穿越通道內(nèi)設(shè)置一部疊合的直跑樓梯聯(lián)通基座二三層及屋頂花園。這一與口袋公園共生的立體花園系統(tǒng)及其嵌入的社區(qū)用房，讓風塔基座兼容了回饋社區(qū)的公共性。

The volumetric retreat height of the lower and upper air shafts of the Wind Tower aligns closely with the Metro's air shaft, creating tiered cantilevered platforms and setback terrace space, forming a three-floor pedestal. The ground level facing the street, except for the crosswalk, is primarily a steep green plant wall, softening the closed-off ventilation structure and optimizing the interface at a human scale. Within the second and third floors of the pedestal, small community spaces are integrated using the volume setbacks from the Wind Tower and the Metro entrance along Dongfang Road. Additionally, elevator and evacuation stairwell for the pedestal, and public restrooms are situated on the south side of the primary exhaust shaft. On the street side outside the Metro entrance, a gradual set of steps is arranged along the street to align with the direction of the Metro entrance stairs, running from north to south, leading to the second-floor platform of the pedestal. Within the crosswalk, a overlapping cascading staircase is installed, connecting the second and third floors of the pedestal and leading to the rooftop garden. This three-dimensional garden system, coexisting with the pocket park, integrates community spaces, making the Wind Tower pedestal conducive to community engagement.

基座以上的風塔主體的水平斷面原本是一個北寬南窄的梯形，我們在保持東、北兩個面垂直的同時，在南側(cè)形成明顯的下大上小斜向收分，以包絡(luò)次排風井和電梯的體量；同時將風塔頂部平面扭成一個矩形，使西側(cè)成為一個微扭的直紋曲面。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)核的基礎(chǔ)上，我們在風塔外側(cè)出挑外掛了一個雙螺旋緩臺階登高健身步道系統(tǒng)，保持上與下的路徑的連續(xù)與獨立，它們在塔頂以一條斜穿風井的密閉水平廊橋連接在一起。這一登高步道在基座立體社區(qū)花園的基礎(chǔ)上，更極大化地將整個風塔塑造成了一個復合的社區(qū)生活基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

Above the pedestal, the horizontal cross-section of the Wind Tower's main body was originally a trapezoid with a wider north end and a narrower south end. While maintaining the perpendicularity of the east and north faces, we created an evident tapering on the south side, enveloping the volumes of the secondary exhaust shaft and elevator. Simultaneously, the top surface of the tower was twisted into a rectangular shape, introducing a subtle twist to the straight-line curve on the west side. Within this structural core, we extended an overhanging, double-helix terraced fitness trail system on the exterior of the tower. This design maintains the continuity and independence of the upward and downward paths, connecting at the top with a closed horizontal bridge that diagonally traverses the main exhaust shaft. This elevated trail, built on the foundation of the three-dimensional community garden at the pedestal, maximizes the transformation of the entire Wind Tower into a composite community life infrastructure.

對于這一由層層外掛臺階形成的風塔外立面，為呼應(yīng)臨近的兩處歷史建筑的氛圍，我們根據(jù)它的垂直收分比例融合了中國傳統(tǒng)密檐塔的構(gòu)成方式進行變形，以與基座水平挑臺板相似的、由步道臺階結(jié)構(gòu)板所定義的層疊斜向陡坡挑檐構(gòu)成立面特征，并在層層檐板之間以向下傾斜的半透明界面圍護步道，同時兼容燈光與顯示裝置。

For the tower's facade formed by the layered suspended steps, echoing the ambiance of two nearby historic buildings, we incorporated the proportions of traditional Chinese multi-eaved pagoda, deforming them to resemble the horizontal cantilevered platforms of pedestal. This creates a faceted facade with characteristics similar to the stacked and sloping eaves defined by the structure of the stepped trail, while incorporating translucent interfaces inclined downward between each eave, serving as enclosures for the trail and accommodating lighting and display devices.

實施調(diào)整

Adjustment Implementation

雖然風塔方案中體現(xiàn)的最大程度回饋社區(qū)的技術(shù)態(tài)度獲得了社區(qū)的認可與支持，也極大打消了社區(qū)居民對這一巨大排風設(shè)施的疑慮，但登高步道在專家評議中卻因可能的管理與安全風險，以及特殊風況下廢氣可能的下沉擴散問題而未獲認同。所以實施方案取消了登高步道，將塔身在保持內(nèi)核實體不變的基礎(chǔ)上瘦身，使其視覺上更為挺拔。立面保留了虛（向下傾斜）實（向上傾斜）相間的螺旋上升狀類密檐塔效果。

Although the technical approach in the Wind Tower project, which maximally reflects community engagement, has gained approval and support from the community, dispelling residents' concerns about this massive exhaust facility, the elevated trail did not receive consensus in experts evaluation due to possible management and safety risks, as well as concerns about the downward dispersion of exhaust under specific wind conditions. Therefore, the implementation scheme cancels the elevated trail, slimming down the tower visually while keeping the core entity unchanged, giving it a more upright appearance. The facade retains a spiral ascending effect resembling a multi-eaved pagoda structure, alternating between translucent (tilted downward) and solid (tilted upward).

在遵循立面上的新風口可以近人設(shè)置、排風口與活塞風口必須與人保持安全距離的原則基礎(chǔ)上，為了避免地鐵風井與東西通道風塔之間進風與排風的相互干擾，并滿足規(guī)范的所有間距要求，另一顯著調(diào)整之處是地鐵風井的形體處理。我們在北立面的底層綠植墻護坡離地一定高度以上、三層挑臺檐口以下，水平向出挑了一個斷面6米左右見方的地鐵排風口；同時，地鐵的兩個活塞風井被拔高到基座屋頂花園以上開口，形成一個高于基座屋頂8米左右的面北狹長體量，并讓并排的兩個風井分別向北和向南傾斜，以減弱這一體量的寬大感。但在施工中由于兩家建設(shè)主體方的非一致行動，活塞風井被建成了單一寬大屏狀體量。

Based on the principle that fresh air inlets on the facade could be accessible to people and exhaust shafts and piston air shafts must maintain a safe distance from individuals, and to avoid mutual interference of intake and exhaust between the Metro ventilation shaft and the ventilation tower of the East-West Passageway, another significant adjustment is made to the configuration of the Metro ventilation shaft. On the ground floor of the north facade, above a certain height from the green slope protection wall and below the cantilevered platform eave of the third floor, a cross-section of about 6mx6m is extended outward for the Metro exhaust shaft. Meanwhile, the two piston air shafts of the Metro are raised above the roof garden of the pedestal creating a slender volume about 8m above the roof garden and tilting the two shafts north and south to reduce the overall width of this volume. However, during construction, due to non-consistent actions by the two construction entities, these two piston air shafts were built as a single large screen-like volume.

基座中的結(jié)構(gòu)體外墻采用清水混凝土工藝，體現(xiàn)低調(diào)樸素的建筑性格。風口外立面采用鋁格柵百葉，北側(cè)地鐵排風井的水平出挑體量的外壁采用開縫陽極氧化鋁板幕墻，社區(qū)用房外立面為連續(xù)落地玻璃排窗，形成理性基調(diào)上的活躍元素。風塔主體螺旋狀外立面采用整體幕墻系統(tǒng)來實現(xiàn)，其中向上傾斜的實體條帶和基座的各層挑臺檐口，都是干掛ASLOC中空纖維增強混凝土預制板；而向下傾斜的半透明條帶則采用銀灰色開豎向長圓孔的穿孔鋁板，每個單元板塊間都沿螺旋方向作了微微折疊起伏，形成有韻律的半透明效果。半透明條帶的空腔內(nèi)暗藏泛光照明，結(jié)合燈光的變色程序，使風塔在夜間更強烈地凸顯螺旋密檐的無盡旋動主題。

The exterior walls of the pedestal are constructed adopting fair-faced concrete, to showcase a subtle and modest architectural character. The wind aperture facade employs aluminum louver shutters, while the outward wall of the Metro's north-facing exhaust shaft protrusion utilizes slit-open curtain walls of anodized aluminum panel. The external facade of community spaces consists of continuous floor-to-ceiling window strips, introducing lively elements to maintain a rational architectural tone. The primary spiral-shaped facade of the wind tower employs an integrated curtain wall system. The upward-slanting solid bands and various levels of overhanging eaves on the pedestal are constructed with dry-hung ASLOC hollow fiber-reinforced concrete prefabricated panels. The downward-slanting translucent bands are composed of vertically perforated aluminum panels in a silver-gray color, with slightly folded relief between individual unit panels along the spiral direction, creating a rhythmic translucent effect. These translucent sections conceal internal cavity lighting that, combined with programmed color changes, intensify the tower's spiral eaves, particularly visible during nighttime, emphasizing the perpetual rotational theme of the spiral canopy.

設(shè)計圖紙 ▽

完整項目信息

項目名稱：東西通道東方路風塔及軌道交通14號線浦東大道站風井

建筑師：周蔚 + 張斌 / 致正建筑工作室

主持建筑師：張斌

項目建筑師：許煜歆（城市設(shè)計），李沁（方案設(shè)計，初步設(shè)計），王佳綺（施工圖設(shè)計，后期配合）

城市設(shè)計團隊：李姿娜，許曄，沙彭，齊心（實習），張學磊（實習），馮義明（實習）

建筑設(shè)計團隊：李姿娜，李昂，李文穎，王艷，張吉昊，趙小寶，林劍博，王智聰，葉凱，張治玲（實習），張心蕙（實習）

燈光顧問：上海同濟建筑室內(nèi)設(shè)計工程有限公司照明工程所 / 龍婷，何迪

設(shè)計總包：上海市隧道工程軌道交通設(shè)計研究院、上海市政工程設(shè)計研究總院(集團)有限公司

隧道院設(shè)計團隊：

建筑：李忱業(yè)

結(jié)構(gòu)：趙大榮

供電：包涌金

監(jiān)控：孟靜，戴嘉誠

照明：高楓

環(huán)控：張浩，王亮

市政院設(shè)計團隊：

給水：葛華飛

排水：張怡

建設(shè)地點：浦東大道與東方路交叉口東南角地塊

城市設(shè)計委托方：上海浦東軌道交通開發(fā)投資（集團）有限公司

建設(shè)單位：上海浦東工程建設(shè)管理有限公司（東西通道），上海軌道交通十四號線發(fā)展有限公司（軌交14號線）

施工單位：上海隧道工程有限公司

城市設(shè)計時間：2014.8—2015.9，2017.7—2017.8

建筑設(shè)計時間：2017.9—2020.11

建造時間：2021.10—2023.6

基地面積：1,283.7平方米

占地面積：699.4平方米

建筑面積：1,929.0平方米

結(jié)構(gòu)形式：鋼筋混凝土框架剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)

建筑層數(shù)：基座地上三層，東西通道風塔高62.34米，浦東大道站通風井高22.8米，地下3層

主要用途：東西通道風塔，地鐵14號線風塔，地鐵入口，社區(qū)活動用房，公共衛(wèi)生間，屋頂花園

主要用材：清水混凝土，ASLOC中空纖維增強混凝土預制板，造型穿孔鋁板，透明中空玻璃，透明夾膠玻璃，氟碳噴涂鋁格柵百葉，陽極氧化鋁板，架空預制混凝土鋪地板，綠植墻

工程造價：約3,189萬元

攝影：楊敏

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