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建筑賞析|13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計

發(fā)布于：2024-11-14 15:00:05

首頁/技術(shù)分享/建筑賞析

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13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計第1張圖片

被13.9萬塊瓷磚包裹著的扭轉(zhuǎn)體塊——金陵藝術(shù)館——AZL建筑師事務所
AZL architects wraps twisting jinling art museum with 139,000 ceramic bricks

由專筑網(wǎng)韓慧慧，小R編譯

AZL建筑事務所受邀擔任金陵藝術(shù)館的設計方，該項目的建筑空間不僅僅作為展示空間存在，還須融合南京的城市歷史和文化背景，這對建筑師來說具有挑戰(zhàn)性。該項目的主題為“梧桐樹下的金陵文藝復興”，旨在表現(xiàn)南京深厚的歷史文化底蘊，詮釋凝練當代生活風范的設計美學傳承。

南京古稱金陵，是中國古老的文化名城。該城市有著7000多年文明史，有“六朝古都”“十朝都會”之稱，在中國歷史上扮演著舉足輕重的角色。南京是中華文明的重要發(fā)祥地，尤其在南遷時期。金陵藝術(shù)館的建立就是為紀念其文化歷史，同時也促進了該城市的演變進程。

AZL Architects recently completed the Jinling Art Museum, a project commissioned by China Overseas Real Estate for its Nanjing Jiangnan Jiuxu development. The design challenge was significant, as the architects were tasked with creating a space that not only serves as an art museum but also encapsulates the rich urban history and cultural traditions of Nanjing. The theme, ‘Jinling Renaissance under the Wutong Tree,’ guided the project, with the goal of reflecting Nanjing’s deep historical context and interpreting a contemporary design language with its complex brickwork.
Nanjing, historically known as Jinling, is one of China’s most ancient and culturally significant cities. With a civilization history spanning over 7,000 years, the city has played a pivotal role in Chinese history, serving as the capital for several dynasties. The city’s history is deeply intertwined with the preservation of Han culture, especially during periods of southern migration. The Jinling Art Museum aims to honor this heritage while also representing the city’s ongoing evolution.

13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計第2張圖片

images © Hou Bowen

AZL建筑事務所的設計團隊將金陵藝術(shù)館的建筑外觀設計成兩個扭轉(zhuǎn)的組合體塊，通過細化扭曲的表面，創(chuàng)造出一種獨特的建筑美。該建筑的地基與周邊高層建筑的地基齊平，建筑形體的扭轉(zhuǎn)路徑則是結(jié)合了周邊的道路路徑。扭轉(zhuǎn)設計主要表達了生機與活力，與南京“陵墓”歷史背景遙相呼應，建筑外觀所表達的意義與現(xiàn)代的數(shù)字化螺旋形態(tài)有所不同。建筑采用方形底座，最終扭轉(zhuǎn)成菱形，創(chuàng)造了豐富的內(nèi)部空間和外部建筑形態(tài)。

藝術(shù)館的設計重點是建筑外觀，其表面被139000塊定制的60×60×180mm大小的瓷磚覆蓋，主要用來紀念南京近3100年的建城史。瓷磚造型的靈感來源于收藏在南京博物館中的東晉晚期的一塊磚石。建筑表面的瓷磚尺寸相同，但瓷磚上的紋理各不相同，且有上釉和不上釉兩種類型，使其建筑立面的視覺效果更加震憾。

The team at AZL Architects designs its Jinling Art Museum as an assemblage of two rotated blocks connected by surfaces that create a distinctive twisting gesture. The base of the structure is aligned with the nearby high-rise residential buildings, while the upper portion is twisted to parallel the adjacent road. This twisting design, which differs from typical mathematical or spiral shapes, symbolizes the dynamic upward growth of the structure, resonating with the idea of vitality and the historical significance of the ‘mausoleum’ in Nanjing. The interplay between the twisted diamond volume and the square base creates a rich internal and external spatial experience.
A key feature of the museum’s design is its facade, which is clad in 139,000 custom-made ceramic tiles. These tiles, each measuring 60x60x180mm, were chosen to reflect Nanjing’s 3,100-year history and the significance of its ancient city walls. The ceramic tiles draw inspiration from a brick from the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, currently housed in the Nanjing Museum. While all tiles share the same dimensions, they vary in texture, with both glazed and unglazed finishes, adding depth and visual interest to the facade.

13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計第3張圖片

▲ AZL建筑事務所設計的金陵藝術(shù)館反映了南京深厚的歷史文化背景
AZL Architects’ Jinling Art Museum reflects Nanjing’s deep historical and cultural significance

瓷磚的固定安裝應用了兩種安裝技術(shù)，一種是使用螺絲釘將U型槽固定在安裝位置上，主要使用部位為主入口的上方；另一種是傳統(tǒng)的安裝方法，即化學錨栓安裝方法，該技術(shù)安全性較高。兩種安裝方法是傳統(tǒng)工藝與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的融合碰撞。建造師采用了特殊工具在瓷磚上進行鉆孔開槽，使得瓷磚能夠順利安裝在扭轉(zhuǎn)的建筑表面。

瓷磚表面采用模塊化處理，可以現(xiàn)場進行組合安裝，精確度較高。每模塊單元的長度約為1.2m，安裝采用的是線性鋼龍骨骨架。模塊化的處理方式使得建筑曲面安裝簡單化，也使得建筑表面更加光滑。

The ceramic tile facade required innovative construction techniques. Two methods were employed for securing the tiles: an ‘a(chǎn)ssembled U-shaped slot through-bolt fixing’ for the curved surface above the main entrance, and a more conventional ‘a(chǎn)ssembled chemical anchor fixing’ for other areas. These methods ensured both safety and the integration of traditional craftsmanship with modern technology. Special tools were developed to precisely drill holes and grooves in the tiles, accommodating the complex intersections between flat and curved surfaces.
The design of the ceramic tile curtain wall was based on a modular approach, allowing for on-site assembly while maintaining the precision required for the intricate facade. The unit modules, each about 1.2 meters long, consist of a horizontal row of ceramic bricks mounted on a linear steel keel. This modular approach simplified the construction of both flat and curved surfaces, enabling the creation of a seamless three-dimensional facade.

13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計第4張圖片

▲ 該建筑表面由動態(tài)的扭轉(zhuǎn)體塊組成
rotated blocks are connected by surfaces that create a dynamic twisting gesture

▲ 建筑扭轉(zhuǎn)表面象征著生機與活力，與南京傳統(tǒng)相呼應
the twisting design symbolizes the upward growth and vitality, resonating with Nanjing’s heritage

▲ 建筑立面的靈感來源于南京古城墻，立面被13.9萬塊的瓷磚包裹
139,000 custom-made ceramic tiles wrap the facade, inspired by Nanjing’s ancient city walls

▲ 建筑立面上的瓷磚采用了特殊的施工技術(shù)
special construction techniques were developed to secure the complex ceramic tile facade

▲ 建筑表面本身較為復雜，所以其表面上的瓷磚采用模塊化處理
ceramic tiles were installed using modular units, simplifying the construction of the intricate facade

▲ 建筑師為了向歷史悠久的南京城墻致敬，其建筑表面的釉面瓷磚采用梯度排列
the gradient arrangement of glazed ceramic tiles pays tribute to Nanjing’s historic city walls

13.9萬塊瓷磚的“舞蹈”：金陵藝術(shù)館的奇妙設計第10張圖片

項目信息：
項目名稱：金陵藝術(shù)館
建筑設計：AZL建筑事務所
位置：中國南京
首席設計師：Lei Xiaohua, Zhang
完工日期：2024年
攝影：Hou Bowen

project info:
project title: Jinling Art Museum
architecture: AZL Architects | @azl_architects
location: Nanjing, China
lead architect: Lei Xiaohua, Zhang
completion: 2024
photography: © Hou Bowen

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