設計單位? UAO瑞拓設計

項目地址? 湖北武漢

施工時間? 2023年5月—11月

項目規(guī)模? 607.71平方米

撰文? 李濤

自然、素材與身體

緣起：柿子樹

Origin: Persimmon tree

黃陂是武漢西北近郊的一個區(qū)，多年來就以旅游業(yè)為主，成為武漢人的度假后花園。黃陂也是民國第一任總統(tǒng)黎元洪的故鄉(xiāng)，他又被稱為“黎黃陂”——所以漢口有個很著名的網(wǎng)紅步行街叫“黎黃陂路”。好山好水的黃陂，正因為旅游和地產(chǎn)開發(fā)的比較早，建筑的風貌有點介于城鄉(xiāng)的二元雜糅結合，如快速發(fā)展的其他鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)一樣，呈現(xiàn)出千城一面的狀態(tài)。

Huangpi is a district in the northwest suburbs of Wuhan, which has been dominated by tourism for many years and has become the vacation garden of Wuhan people. Huangpi is also the hometown of Li Yuanhong, the first president of the Republic of China, who is also known as "Li Huangpi" - so there is a very famous Internet celebrity pedestrian street in Hankou called "Li Huangpi Road". Huangpi, with good mountains and good waters, is precisely because of the early development of tourism and real estate, and the style of architecture is a bit between the duality of urban and rural areas, just like other towns and towns that are developing rapidly, and it has become a state of a thousand cities.

民宿業(yè)態(tài)也正好在近年在黃陂處于蓬勃發(fā)展的狀態(tài)：黃陂由于離主城區(qū)近，主打周末微度假的目的地。暖村的項目地處于黃陂最著名景區(qū)木蘭山的山腳下的一個小鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)——長軒嶺鎮(zhèn)，鎮(zhèn)里的建筑沿著木蘭大道兩側分布，統(tǒng)一裝扮成了灰瓦馬頭墻的形態(tài)，像是涂抹了較厚的脂粉，生活氣息很濃，卻有著“假笑”的嫌疑。

The B&B business has also been booming in Huangpi in recent years, and Huangpi is a destination for weekend micro-vacations due to its proximity to the main city. The project site of Warm Village is located in Changxuanling Town, a small township at the foot of Mulan Mountain, the most famous scenic spot in Huangpi, and the buildings in the town are distributed along both sides of Mulan Avenue, uniformly dressed in the form of gray tile horse-head walls, as if smeared with thicker fat powder, the breath of life is very strong, but there is a suspicion of smirking.

柿柿如意民宿項目選址在長軒嶺鎮(zhèn)的南邊付家下灣的小山包南側，從木蘭大道需下一段小路，場地有片蠶豆狀的老池塘，場地內原有一些年代久遠的石頭墻根，墻身或是青磚或是夯土磚，屋面小青瓦的舊時民宅。這些老屋一看就讓人心生歡喜，感嘆當年的村民對一個小村落的選址都如此的風水俱佳，臥虎藏龍。

The South B&B is located on the south side of the hill in the south of Changxuanling Town, Fujiaxiawan, from Mulan Avenue to the next section of the road, the site has a broad bean-shaped old pond, the site has some old stone wall roots, the wall or green bricks or rammed earth bricks, the roof of small green tiles of the old houses. These old houses make people happy at a glance, and sigh that the villagers of the time had such valuable for the location of a small village, Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon.

在我們接手項目之前，甲方已經(jīng)做了一版方案——圍繞院落布置，臺地參差。我直言：太像售樓部?，F(xiàn)場看地，我把選址定在了村口的一棟百年老宅旁邊，老宅只剩一個門臉，內部長滿了雜草和樹木，樹木已經(jīng)九米多高，可見村落荒廢了多久。

Before we took over the project, Party A had already made a version of the plan - arranged around the courtyard, and the terraces were uneven. I said bluntly: it's too much like the sales department. Looking at the site on the spot, I set the site next to a century-old house at the entrance of the village, the old house only has a fa?ade left, and the interior is overgrown with weeds and trees, the trees are more than nine meters high, which shows how long the village has been abandoned!

第一次草圖，我把老宅規(guī)劃為項目的客廳，另外再做三棟客房沿著老宅東側布置，和甲方溝通后發(fā)現(xiàn)，改造和加固老宅成本太大。我突發(fā)奇想，覺得老宅的外墻可以留下，在中間沒有樹木的位置挖一個泳池，形成與另外三個實體建筑的“虛”的對比。最后證明，這個老宅墻垣的留下和泳池的設計，成為這個項目最有沖突感的點之一。

In the first sketch, I planned the old house as the living room of the project, and made three more guest rooms along the east side of the old house. On a whim, I thought that the exterior wall of the old house could be left behind, and a swimming pool could be dug in the middle where there were no trees, forming a "virtual" contrast between the other three physical buildings. In the end, it turned out that the remnants of the walls of the old house and the design of the swimming pool became one of the most conflicting points of this project.

第一次看現(xiàn)場的時候是在夏天，老宅東側的場地上幾顆柿子樹已經(jīng)掛果，青柿子小拳頭大小。我當即決定要想辦法把這些柿子樹保留下來，也就要把我們的三棟民宿客房做做外形的切割和退讓，所以草圖中的四方形平面被切成了不規(guī)則六邊形的狀態(tài)，倒是符合青柿子五六瓣的形態(tài)。等到了初秋十月，柿子紅了，方案也基本成熟，我和甲方建議，就叫這個民宿為“柿柿如意”吧。

The first time I saw the scene was in the summer, and several persimmon trees on the east side of the old house had already hung fruit, and the green persimmons were the size of small fists. It was immediately decided to find a way to preserve these persimmon trees, so that our three homestay rooms were cut and retreated, so that the square plane in the sketch was cut into an irregular hexagonal state, which is in line with the shape of five or six petals of green persimmons. In early autumn and October, the persimmons are red, and the plan is basically mature.

▲ 項目視頻介紹? 制作：然也空間建筑攝影_賈然

原型：多孔柱體

Prototype: Porous cylinder

我們將三棟民宿形成一個向著草坪和池塘的圍合，從西向東分別是老宅、A棟、B棟、C棟；老宅和A棟背靠背，ABC三棟因為自身的切角形成了形態(tài)互補的關系，群體之間又有著一種向心力來統(tǒng)一。

We formed an enclosure of the three B&Bs towards the lawn and pond, from west to east, they were the old house, Building A, Building B, and Building C; The old house and Building A are back to back, and the three buildings of ABC have formed a complementary relationship because of their own chamfering corners, and there is a centripetal force between the groups to unify.

ABC三棟用一個細柱鋼結構連廊相連，我把連廊上方的鋼構檁條設計成等間距的一個方向，來加強這種向心力。保留的老宅只剩下墻垣，中間的泳池剛好從形態(tài)上填補了ABC三棟的過重的視覺關系。

The three ABC buildings are connected by a thin column steel corridor, and I designed the steel purlins above the corridor to be evenly spaced in one direction to strengthen this centripetal force. Only the walls of the old mansion remain, and the swimming pool in the middle just fills the overly heavy visual relationship of the three ABC buildings in form.

ABC三棟正負零處在和老宅同一個水平面上，它們與南側草坪的高差用看臺式臺階來處理，臺階的形態(tài)又進一步強化了三棟的向心感。這些臺階周邊的擋土墻的毛石，也是取材于村落里垮掉的老房子的墻體毛石。

The plus or minus zero of the three ABC buildings is located on the same level as the old house, and the difference between their elevation and the south lawn is handled by grandstand steps, and the shape of the steps further strengthens the centripetal feeling of the three buildings. The rubble of the retaining wall around these steps is also taken from the rubble of the collapsed old houses in the village.

三棟民宿都是一個平面母體的變異，建筑平面都是L形的實體+一個虛的內院。三棟的空間卻有著不同的參差：A棟內院被封了屋頂，開了天窗，形成一個半室外的灰空間；B棟和C棟內院都是露天的，其實露天的內院的頂部開口，只是頂部開洞的另外一種形式而已； B棟的客廳則貫穿了兩層空高，而屋頂也布置了天窗，從而形成了B棟彌漫著陽光的藝術館式的高聳客廳空間。

The three buidings are all variations of a plane matrix, and the building planes are all L-shaped entities + a virtual inner courtyard. The spaces of the three buildings are different: the inner courtyard of Building A has a sealed roof and a skylight is opened to form a semi-outdoor gray space; The inner courtyards of buildings B and C are both open-air, but in fact, the top opening of the open-air inner courtyard is just another form of opening at the top; The living room of Building B is two-storey high, and the roof is also arranged with skylights, creating a skylight in the style of a skyscraper.

在立體形態(tài)上，三棟的母體是頂面被斜切后的六邊柱體；六邊柱體的各個立面和頂面則開挖了各種不規(guī)則多孔布局，我把這些孔上的玻璃盡量貼外墻布置，以形成體量的雕塑感。

In terms of three-dimensional form, the parent body of the three buildings is a hexagonal cylinder with the top surface obliquely cut; The various facades and top surfaces of the hexagonal columns were excavated with various irregular porous layouts, and I arranged the glass on these holes as close to the exterior wall as possible to create a sculptural sense of volume.

窗景：借樹入畫

Window view: borrowed trees into the painting

A棟面積最大，一層的層高也刻意被設計的稍微高點，以作為公共餐廳和客廳之用。它面向池塘和入口道路一側是完全可以打開的落地玻璃折疊門；面向西面的老宅的玻璃窗，落地無框，可以看到老石頭墻圍合的藍色馬賽克泳池。保留的幾棵構樹從木地板上生長出來，搖曳在原老宅門的院子里、泳池旁。

Building A is the largest in size, and the floor height of the first floor is deliberately designed to be slightly higher for the use of public dining and living rooms; It faces the pond and the entrance road, and on one side is a floor-to-ceiling glass folding door that can be fully opened; The glass windows of the old house facing the west are frameless to the ground, and you can see the blue mosaic pool surrounded by the old stone walls. A few of the remaining trees grew from the wooden floor, swaying in the courtyard of the original old house gate, next to the pool.

A棟二層是兩居室的套房，露臺的墻體開洞正好把戶外保留的柿子樹形成了框景。二層客房內的長條窗則開向了門前的法國梧桐的一個枝條，有了橫幅國畫的即視感。衛(wèi)生間浴缸邊的大無框玻璃窗則對著法國梧桐的主干。這次的開窗是對著每個樹木的精心布局——也包括樓梯間轉角的窗戶，對著建筑后面的樹木。

The second floor of Building A is a two-bedroom suite, and the hole in the wall of the terrace just frames the persimmon trees that are preserved outdoors. The long window in the guest room on the second floor can open to a branch of the France plane tree in front of the door, giving it the sense of déjà vu of a banner Chinese painting; The large frameless glass window next to the bathroom bathtub faces the main trunk of the France sycamore, this time for the careful placement of each tree, as well as the window in the corner of the stairwell, facing the tree behind the building.

B棟也是這樣，每個窗戶都和室外的樹木發(fā)生關系。B棟亮點在于兩層高的客廳和墻面、頂面多孔的開窗，讓光影彌漫在白色的兩層空間里。B棟的另一個亮點，是衛(wèi)生間單獨的圓形浴缸，一側就是落地玻璃。

The same is true for Building B, where each window has a relationship with the trees outside. The highlight of Building B is the two-storey living room and the perforated windows on the walls and top, allowing light and shadow to fill the white two-storey space. Another highlight of Building B is the separate circular bathtub in the bathroom, with floor-to-ceiling glass on one side.

C棟一層做了粉色布局；二層結合比較高的層高做了滑滑梯，衛(wèi)生間馬桶上邊的橫向窗戶也是最佳的取景位置。

The first floor of Building C has a pink layout; The second floor combines the relatively high floor height to make a slide, and the horizontal window above the toilet in the bathroom is also the best location for viewing.

我們在窗戶的方案上定了一個原則：外墻開窗是無框的大玻璃，內院的窗戶就要考慮通風會有分隔。其目的就是保證景觀的無遮擋。

We have set a principle in the window plan: the exterior wall window is frameless and large, and the window in the inner courtyard should be separated by ventilation. The aim is to ensure that the landscape is unobstructed.

匠心：木紋清水混凝土

Ingenuity: wood grain fair-faced concrete

三棟民宿的外墻都是木紋清水混凝土；在這個方案開始構思的期間，我們另外一個咖啡廳項目正在實踐木紋混凝土，從配比、木紋模板選擇、打樣、全高木模板制作和鋼筋綁扎、對穿螺栓選擇、混凝土選擇、混凝土澆筑和振搗棒的時機，脫模時機、對穿孔的處理、表面蜂窩的處理、外墻保護劑的粉刷等一一在咖啡廳項目中得到實踐和驗證。因而在柿柿如意民宿這個項目中，我們只是繼續(xù)實踐和驗證了這一步驟，也得到了更高的完成度。

The exterior walls of the three B&Bs are all wood grain fair-faced concrete; During the period when this plan was conceived, we were practicing wood grain concrete in another café project, which was practiced and verified in the café project from the proportioning, wood grain formwork selection, proofing, full-height wood formwork production and rebar binding, cross-bolt selection, concrete selection, concrete pouring and vibrator timing, demoulding timing, perforation treatment, surface honeycomb treatment, exterior wall protector painting, etc. Therefore, in The South B&B, we just continued to practice and verify this step, and also got a higher degree of completion.

在開始澆筑的前期階段，至少澆筑了7塊大小不同的樣板，并在樣板上試驗了刷涂料、防火劑、保護劑等各種面層處理。

In the early stage of pouring, at least 7 samples of different sizes were poured, and various surface treatments such as brush coatings, fire retardants, and protective agents were tested on the samples.

不需要保溫功能的院子外墻、樓梯間外墻，就是雙面木紋清水混凝土。房間外墻就是單面木紋清水混凝土+內保溫處理。在澆筑順序上，完成一層清水澆筑后，等拆模后再完成二層的支模和澆筑，一二層之間用一個工藝縫來分開。

The exterior walls of courtyards and stairwells that do not require thermal insulation functions are double-sided wood grain fair-faced concrete; The exterior wall of the room is single-sided wood grain fair-faced concrete + internal insulation treatment; In the pouring sequence, after the completion of a layer of clear water pouring, wait for the removal of the mold and then complete the formwork and pouring of the second layer, and the first and second layers are separated by a process seam.

木紋混凝土，配合藍天和大面積的無分隔玻璃窗，給這個建筑一種靜謐的氛圍。它區(qū)別于其他白色盒子民宿的視覺厭倦感，也區(qū)別于用鄉(xiāng)土材料營造現(xiàn)代民宿的在地性，它和老宅的毛石、青磚形成了對比，也提供了鄉(xiāng)村建設的一種新的可能。

Wood-grained concrete, blue skies and large areas of undivided glass windows give the building a tranquil atmosphere; It is different from the visual boredom of other white box B&Bs, and also different from the locality of using local materials to create modern B&Bs.

觀自在：身體在空間里游走

Contemplation: The feeling moves through space

建筑空間最后的使用者是人，尤其是民宿這種度假產(chǎn)品。三棟民宿其一致的母體和向心的總圖關系只是建筑的表層玩法，內在核心是其適宜的尺度和人在其中的游走關系。

The last user of the building space is people, especially the vacation product of B&B. The consistent matrix and centripetal general map relationship of the three B&Bs is only the surface play of the building, and the inner core is its appropriate scale and the wandering relationship between people in it.

比如樓梯的軸線控制在1200毫米，但其接近1:5的寬高比，再加上高窗的頂光、兩側木紋混凝土在光線下的光滑表面、從而讓這個空間有拾級而上的神性光芒；兩層空高庭院和兩層空高客廳也有此意，因為你必然抬頭要看混凝土屋頂?shù)奶齑袄锼蜻x的藍天白云；這是混凝土盒子所營造的詩意。

For example, the axis of the staircase is controlled at 1200, but its aspect ratio is close to 1:5, coupled with the top light of the high windows and the smooth surface of the wood grain concrete on both sides under the light, so that this space has a divine glow that climbs up the stairs; The two-storey courtyard and the two-storey living room also have this meaning, because you must look up at the blue sky and white clouds framed in the skylight of the concrete roof; This is the poetry created by the concrete box.

每個內院也是如此，效法古建筑四水歸堂只是形制，補齊L形實體和內院的外側兩面墻只是完形的第一步，重要的是，人可以明確的感受到在房間外，還有一個院落和墻體，還有一個灰空間的過渡，即使在二層內看出去也是如此。

The same is true for each inner courtyard, imitating the ancient building of the Four Waters Returning to the Hall is just a form, and completing the L-shaped entity and the outer two walls of the inner courtyard is only the first step in the gestalt, and the important thing is that people can clearly feel that outside the room, there is a courtyard and a wall, and there is a transition of gray space, even if you look out from the second floor.

自然、素材與身體，也是我這幾年做小建筑所總結的一個基本邏輯，是手法，也是哲學。

Nature, materials and feeling are also the basic logic that I have summarized in my small architecture in the past few years, which is both technique and philosophy.

設計圖紙 ▽

完整項目信息

項目名稱：柿柿如意·南野際民宿

項目地址：湖北省武漢市黃陂區(qū)木蘭暖村

業(yè)主：湖北中科農合發(fā)展有限公司

項目規(guī)模：607.71平方米

設計單位：UAO瑞拓設計

主創(chuàng)設計師：李濤

設計團隊

建筑結構：張杰銘、談平、龍可成、孔繁一

景觀規(guī)劃：陸洲、申劍俠、張坤、林靜、付余

室內設計：晏羅蒂、杜雯欣、周柏濤、白玉凡

實習生：何岱恒、肖博洋

施工團隊：武漢楚耀建設工程有限公司

攝影：然也空間建筑攝影_賈然，此間建筑攝影-趙奕龍

設計時間：2022年9月—12月

施工時間：2023年5月—11月

主要材料及品牌：

木紋清水混凝土墻體（現(xiàn)場澆筑）、鋁鎂錳屋面（雅美特）、鋁合金門窗（森普）

結構形式：鋼筋混凝土框架剪力墻結構

撰文：李濤

視頻：然也空間建筑攝影_賈然

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